Sexual prosperity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sexual prosperity - Essay Example Kung and the Mehinaku and our own practice of sexuality is the age at which children are exposed to sexuality. As a base approximation, it is fair to say that our society shields children from sexuality the most, followed by the !Kung and finally by the Mehinaku, who have very few qualms with their children experiencing sexuality. In the !Kung society, parents do make an effort to avoid exposing their children to sexuality overly much, often by waiting for their children to fall asleep to have sex or else trying to go off somewhere private whilst their children are cared for by someone else (Shostak 95). They also, however, make frequent sexual jokes and experience sexuality as a integral part of their humor, meaning that children will certainly become curious about sexuality and try to crack the code of their parent’s sexual language. The Mehinaku take this to an even greater extreme, tacitly allowing their children to experiment sexually with each other in games of â€Å"ho use,† and doing very little to shield their children from sexual congress, allowing their children to â€Å"watch older kin† when they are engaging in sexual activity together (Gregor 142). One of the primary reasons for this openness about sexuality with children in both these societies, compared to the relatively closed western society, is privacy. Shielding children from sexual activity is simply an impossibility in small, tight-knit communities like the !Kung (who live in villages of around thirty people (Shostak 98), or the Mehinaku, whose entire population consists only of a few hundred people. Furthermore neither society places significant value on virginity, as openly stated by Shostak (98), while premarital sex is freely accepted by the Mehinaku (Gregor 143). One of the other main differences between sexuality in these two societies and our own is sexual contact outside of marriage. While sexual contact outside of marriage is present in all three societies, in ours it is considered incredibly taboo in our society, with public disclosure often ending a marriage. This stands in stark contrast to extramarital affairs in the !Kung and Mehinaku societies, which, while ostensibly not allowed are incredibly common and tacitly accepted if they are subtle enough. In !Kung society, affairs outside of marriage are relatively common, but â€Å"not openly condoned† so it is important that the lovers know how to â€Å"play by the rules† when engaging in extramarital affairs (Shostak 118). If this is done, then usually affairs are relatively permitted. Jealousy still exists in !Kung society, and young married couples may actually come to blows over extramarital affairs, but as people mature it becomes more and more important to be discreet and keep things out of the public eye, meaning that often even when an extramarital affair is suspected or known it will be ignored or dealt with stealthily. Mehinaku society has a similar tendency to al low extramarital affairs so long as the couple are sensible enough to be discreet (Gregor 147). It could be argued, however, that our society is actually very similar to these two in the acceptance of extramarital affairs, seeing how public they have become (eg. Bill Clinton) and how often they are portrayed and tacitly accepted in media. The Mehinaku and the !Kung both have drastically different expectations of their children’

Cooking to Become a Chef Essay Example for Free

Cooking to Become a Chef Essay Cooking for me is my way of expressing myself. It gives me a chance as a person to show my friends and family what I’m good at and what I love to do. I haven’t always enjoyed the art of cooking. With cooking, I have learned to prepare different types of meals using different methods, ingredients, a potpourri of equipment and seasonings. Food seasoning is a personal trademark you create and eventually it classifies you to either be prominent as a chef or just a plain Jane Suzy homemaker who cooks for her family only for the fact that we all need to eat. Experimenting is what got me where I am at today. My mother was a diabetic so the meals were prepared with a bland taste, no seasonings, with just a tad bit of pepper, nothing more. When I started cooking I hated it for the simple fact I didn’t know how. I had to follow recipes even for macaroni and cheese. It wasn’t until I met my husband and his family that I started to enjoy cooking because the meals were starting to taste better and I was learning how to make them taste better. He and his family slowly taught me how to cook and when to use seasoning and how much to use. At first, my meals were a work in progress. As the years went on, I have learned to use my eyes and taste buds for measuring cups and spoons. That’s what helps create your own â€Å"cooking signature†. As you learn to cook, you learn to shy away from some or all of the exact measurements in order to create your signature. For some, cooking is just another everyday back breaking chore, a necessity to always haven to follow a recipe, precisely measuring each ingredient, to the point of the great inventor of the microwave ovens. For others it comes natural, a passion they thrive to live on by creating their own â€Å"cooking signature†. Coming to mind are a couple of brilliant and extraordinary chefs that are indulgingly reliable. These two men have countless awards, degrees, own restaurants, shows and cookbooks to show and prove their overwhelming credibility’s. They are Wolfgang puck and Bobby Flay. Neither of the two were born to cook, none of us are. Some talents came naturally while the rest they learned and were taught. Both men attended Le Cordon Bleu and both men are featured on the food network. I may not have earned any degrees or awards such as a Michelin star or chef of the year and did not attend a culinary institute like they have, however, my cooking now exceeds my friends and families expectations. The qualities of an excellent educational resource would have to include tips and the breakdowns of recipes or step by step instructions for them. Pictures or video tutorials are also very helpful to one who’s learning the art of cooking. Tutorials show you step by step from preparing to serving the dish or meal. I have found two out of thousands of resources that have all the educational resources needed as well as countless credibility and qualifications to help you succeed as a prominent chef. These two would be, Le Cordon Bleu, a culinary institute and the Food Network a television show on cable and the food network also has a very useful website, www. foodnetwork. com . The food network website is filled with a massive amount of information that is accurate and full of every resource there is needed for and about cooking. The food network is a unique lifestyle network and Web site that endeavors to be more than just cooking. The network is devoted to exploring new and different ways to tackle food through pop culture, contests, adventure, and travel while also increasing its repertoire of technique-based information. Food Network is strewed to more than 96 million U. S. households and averages more than seven million Web site users monthly. With its headquarters in New York City and branches in Atlanta, Los Angeles, Chicago, Detroit and Knoxville, Food Network can be seen internationally in Canada, Australia, Korea, Thailand, Singapore, the Philippines, Monaco, Andorra, Africa, France, and the French-speaking territories in the Caribbean and Polynesia. Le Cordon Bleu, www. LeCordonBleu. com, is an extremely accredited culinary institute. The school is constantly keeping their courses up to date and actively adapting to current and future needs of culinary services. The schools graduates leave the school with a diploma that is acknowledged around the world. That has been proven by both Flay and Puck. The culinary institute is solely dedicated to the appreciation and mastery of culinary arts to the their students who study there from over 70 countries around the world. This is where I would want to further my culinary learning, to gain more knowledge; they are one of the top culinary institutes. Qualifications of the resources should include Awards, culinary degrees, owning of their own restaurants with worldwide recognition. They should be well respected, well known with credibility too. Trademarks and copyrights also makes these resources important and credible. We want to make sure our resources are also current and up to date. However, cooking has been a part of our lives undoubtedly forever. Resources such as cookbooks are for the most part revised after some time, but not always. So see, there are numerous and countless educational and reliable resources out there for everyone, from beginner to expert. With a little bit of research one could capture the success of becoming an artistic cook. Learning new ideas and tricks, or just wanting to better yourself in your own kitchen, whatever the case may be, No one should ever have to struggle with cooking. With a little bit of patients anyone can learn how to cook.

Faith in Young Goodman Brown Essay -- Young Goodman Brown YGB Nathanie

Faith in Young Goodman Brown In Nathaniel Hawthorne's "Young Goodman Brown," Hawthorne introduces Goodman Brown, who doubts himself and reiterates his false confidence to himself repeatedly. His struggle between the evil temptations, the devil, and the proper church abiding life, is a struggle he does not think he can handle. This story is about a man who challenges his faith in himself and in the community in which he resides. Goodman Brown must venture on a journey into the local forest, refuse the temptations of the devil, and return to the village before the sunrise.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The story is set in the forest of Salem, Massachusetts, around the time of the witch trials. Goodman Brown is a Puritan, and Salem is a Puritan village appears to be a good Christian community in the beginning of the story. Hawthorne once again criticizes a Puritan community or the religious community of his time through this short story. In this short story, Hawthorne criticizes the Puritans who take the words of Bible without interpretation, and who believe they are pure but inside the evil resides just as in the people they persecute.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The story begins with Goodman Brown leaving the house at sunset while his wife, Faith, trying to persuade Goodman to depart at sunrise. Brown starts his journey to the darkness that awaits for him in the forest where Puritans believe the devil lives. Hawthorne seems to be using many symbolisms in the story such as Goodman's wife Faith which symbolizes his real faith in God. Goodman leaves his faith behind him and set forth into his journey with his own strength and power. Although he felt guilty leaving his Faith back home in their early stage of marriage, he justifies this guilt by swearing that after this night he will "cling to her skirt and follow her to heaven." However, will there be another day for Goodman Brown to share his life with Faith? Although his faith, described with "pink ribbon," is sincere, pure, and innocent, is his will stong enough to walk though "a dreary road, darkened by all the gloomiest trees of the forest?" Goodman believes nothing can tempt his faith, not even a devil.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Upon entering the forest he is suspicious of every rock and tree, thinking something evil will jump out at him. A man waits for Goodman in the forest and then walks by Goodman's side. Although the narrator does not say this man is the ... ...en he reaches the final destination where whole community is there to participate in satanic acts, a little faith he has to the community and himself are completely destroyed. The devil has apparently infested all of the Puritan's souls with sin at least to the eyes of Goodman Brown. While he tries to help his wife Faith from the devil, he wakes up from imagination or dream in the forest wondering what has happened in the previous night. Whether the scenes he witnessed were real or his imagination, Goodman believes what he remembers and trusts no one in the village when he returns, not even his wife. Goodman seems to live the rest of his life with misery and distrust. In the beginning of the story, Goodman is a faithful man who is able to pass any temptation the devil gives him. He is happy with the community and his faith until his trip. Upon his discovery of Satanic acts of the community, he becomes an evil himself. When Goodman comes back he thinks he is better than the rest and judges everyone instantly. Young Goodman Brown fails the test of the devil completely not only because he loses his faith in living life, but also he has no hope after life since he became an evil.

Muhammad Ali - The Greatest :: Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr

In the summer of 1960, a young man stood on a podium wearing a gold medal around his neck, while the â€Å"Star Spangled Banner† played. A champion stood, not knowing the nation’s view on athletes forever. It was the first glimpse for the man who would come to be known as the greatest.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr. was born in Louisville, Kentucky on January 17, 1942. Young Clay found boxing in 1954 after his bike was stolen at the Louisville Home Show. He reported the theft to local police officer, Joe Martin, and told him he would beat up whoever stole the bike. Martin laughed at the idea of such a small boy beating someone up, so he decided to train Clay. Martin, who also taught boxing to local youth at the Columbia Gym, taught the 89-pound Clay how to box during his teenage years. From that day on, Clay would show up every day at the gym like clockwork working on his skills.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  By 1958, Clay had dropped out of high school with several amateur boxing titles, and by 1960, he was preparing to compete in the Olympics. In the gold-medal match for the light-heavyweight division, Clay faced Polish southpaw Zbigniew Pietrzykowski, and won the gold in three rounds. After the Olympics, Clay received a contract from the Louisville Sponsoring Group for $333 a month, plus a $10,000 signing bonus.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With no more money problems to worry about, Clay had more time to consider what was going on in the world around him. He paid heavy attention to the Civil Rights Movement and he wanted to be part of it. But it was very difficult for a young black man to be heard in the early 1960’s. The only group giving a voice to the â€Å"common man† was the Nation of Islam. In 1962, Clay drove to Detroit to hear the Nation of Islam’s leader, the honorable Elijah Muhammad, speak. He also met someone who would greatly influence his life, a man named Malcolm X.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Clay studied X’s teachings of Islam, but more so, Clay agreed with X’s view on how blacks were treated in the United States. Both Clay and X believed in complete in total segregation between blacks and whites living in America. â€Å"I’m no troublemaker. I don’t believe in forced integration. I know where I belong. I’m not going to force myself into anybody’s house.† Clay also advocated X’s criticism on the non-violent movement in the southern states.

Daimler Ag and Chrysler

1. In what ways did the cultures of the two companies differ? What do you think the terms ‘innovation' and ‘entrepreneurship' meant to Chrysler employees? What about to Daimler employees? In 1998 when German industrial giant Daimler-Benz AG merged with American automobile manufacturer, Chrysler Corporation, Daimler Chrysler came into existence. This merger didn't result for the big picture that was expected after this merge. It was thought that this merger would create a global economy not only between two of the world’s greatest economy but also capturing the market in various part of the world.Whereas, underneath this view there were many issues, which were involved in this merger of totally two different cultures. Daimler-Benz was an aggressive firm, which believed in hustling every possible way to make its company the number throughout the world. But, Chrysler was on the other hand an easy going and slow progress firm which believed in the production and flexib ility of operation. At DaimlerChrysler, differences in compensation systems and decision-making processes caused friction between senior management, while lower level employees fought over issues such as dress code, working hours and smoking on the job.Language also became an issue. While most managers on the Daimler side could speak some English, not all were able to do so with the fluency needed for effective working relationships. Also, only a few Chrysler managers had any knowledge of the German language. For Chrysler ‘innovation' means to Look forward for new changes, converting ideas into profit, Passion of designing, developing and building greatest cars and For Daimler ‘innovation' means more analytical, more long-term looking, more technology-minded. 2. Compare and contrast the two companies’ organizational structures.What challenges do you think these different structures created? Structure of Daimler| Structure of Chrysler| 1) The company had traditiona l intrusive bureaucratic structure | 1) It established a matrix management structure for the senior managers. | 2) There were issues between the middle and lower management levels. | 2) Many of the traditional vice presidents were replaced with people who not only had functional expertise but who were able to work together. | 3) Significant level of streamlining and restructuring was needed. 3) Each vice president under the new structure had to create Mutual dependencies among them. | Chrysler management had bulldozened its traditional functional organization structure. It created platform for the whole organization, assigning all functional to one of five teams,large,car,small car,minivan,truck or jeep. In significant changes at Daimler due to Lack of proper organization structure many employees left organization and many of the people working for century old company were unable to keep pace or keep track of changes going on around them. 3.What issues do you think the different lea dership styles of the three DaimlerChrysler leaders (Schrempp, Eaton, Stallkamp) created? SCHREMPP He believed in the creative side, to find an optimal solution, according to him, it's the arguments which count. However, for him â€Å"leadership means at some stage you have to summarize the arguments and make a decision. Decision is not a matter of committee, you have to take responsibility. Debate is not forever. Speed is a competitive factor. It's better to have 80% than to wait for 100%†. At some places I found him a strict leader which causes the lack of unity among employees.EATON Eaton historically is more willing to listen to the opinions of others and delegate authority, which should help create a culture of teamwork and consensus building at Chrysler. Empowering lower level managers to make more decisions removes the fear of being overridden by the CEO, and develops confidence. Emphasizing teamwork and empowering more people within the organization will help to shift the company's focus to designing and building the best automobiles in the world. STALLKAMP The number two American executive behind Eaton has played a key role in melding the German and U. S. perations since the combination of Daimler-Benz and Chrysler Corp. Stallkamp, who was president of the former Chrysler Corp. , was credited with pioneering a new system that involved suppliers earlier in the vehicle development process. The result was lower costs and improved relations. 4. Assess Stallkamp's power base as head of integration and president of Chrysler. What strategy did Stallkamp employ to achieve integration between Daimler and Chrysler? As a president Stallkamp did so well as: 1. He was self effacing and having the ability to generate consensus. 2. He put great efforts on quality improvement. . For him, Chrysler was a business and its reputation was very important and he believes in bringing the same ethnics into business as he has in his personal life. 4. He tried to obtain something new to increase sales. 5. He was always ready to accept challenges. 6. He focused on cost saving and improve marketing. Quality problems are rarely with one part of the corporation. The problem is usually the process. He gets design, engineering, procurement, sales and manufacturing working together to solve the problem. He identifies more with real-life customers; accelerate the response time whenever a problem occurs.He also meet with all the executive vice presidents, to make sure they are all on the same team and are working on common goals. 5. What would you have done differently? Why? What should Stallkamp do next? According to me, Stallkamp has done up to his maximum ability, but still he should also do following: 1. Put some more efforts to reduce the culture mismatch. 2. Connection between lower ; upper management should be improved, by enhancing organization structure. 3. Implementation of a system where individual can put his views. 4. Policy execution process i mprovement. 5. Put some efforts to improve the skills of existing employee.

Bases of Power essays

Bases of Power essays Power is the ability of one person, group or nation to control another person, group or nation. It is the ability to tell them what to do and what not to do. Power may involve force, persuasion or rewards. Power also always involves a relationship. According to one of the founders of political science, Max Weber, power is the capabilities to have ones way in a relationship, even against the will of others. However, no person in a relationship always has all the power, and no person in a relationship always has no power. Power itself does not come in a lump; it is not one single thing. Instead, power is made up of 8.5 things, and these 8.5 things are what we call the bases of power. Below is a list of the 8.5 bases of power: 3) authority 4) knowledge/technology/information 7) size/solidarity 8) violence According to Karl Marx, another founder of political science, money is the only base of power. He said that with money, you could buy everything else. However, it has come to be accepted that money can buy everything except charisma and solidarity. For that reason, I have chosen charisma, solidarity and money as the three bases of power that I would most like to have. First on my list of bases of power is charisma. Charisma is defined as being the natural ability to influence anothers behavior. It is generally accepted that a person cannot train or learn to be charismatic, he is either born with it or without it. A charismatic person can get someone to like him and support him regardless of whether they agree with his actions or not. An example of this would be former President Bill Clinton. Despite knowing that he had cheated on his wife with Gennifer Flowers, the public nevertheless was swept off their feet by his charm and voted him into the presidency. And when he ...

Introducing Examples

Introducing Examples Introducing Examples Introducing Examples By Maeve Maddox A reader has asked me about my use of the abbreviation Ex. Does [Ex.] mean for example? Ive only known one abbreviation and thats eg. If that is the case can you please explain where eg came from? Sometimes I use Ex. to mean â€Å"for example† or â€Å"an example.† Sometimes I spell out â€Å"for example.† And when I’m feeling academic, I use e.g. to introduce a list of examples. E.g. is an abbreviation of the Latin phrase exempli gratia, â€Å"for the sake of example.† In US usage, a comma always follows the abbreviation, but in British usage, a comma after e.g. is optional. In this article, e.g. is written in italics because I’m writing about it. In normal use, the abbreviation is written in roman type: e.g. In the old days, before handy Latin shortcuts were perceived as â€Å"elitist and discriminatory, â€Å"writers threw in e.g. without restriction. Nowadays, style guides impose limitations. The Chicago Manual of Style advises that if e.g. is used in â€Å"running text,† it should be â€Å"confined to parentheses or notes.† Writing in 1926, Fowler (Modern English Usage) didn’t put any restrictions on the use of e.g., but in 1965, his editor, Ernest Gowers, added this advice: [The abbreviation e.g.] should be reserved for footnotes or very concise writing; in open prose it is better to write â€Å"for example.† The most unkindest cut of all regarding the use of e.g. and its ilk came to my attention in 2008 when I read an article in the London Telegraph about a movement in Britain to purge English of such long-established Latin shortcuts: Local authorities have ordered employees to stop using [Latin terms] on documents and when communicating with members of the public and to rely on wordier alternatives instead. The terms to be dropped in official documents included bona fide, ad lib, etc., ad hoc, i.e., per se, quid pro quo, vice versa, via, and status quo. Among the replacement recommendations were â€Å"existing condition† or â€Å"state of things† for status quo, and â€Å"for this special purpose† in place of ad hoc. Here’s the rationale offered by Bournemouth Council: Not everyone knows Latin. Many readers do not have English as their first language so using Latin can be particularly difficult. ESL learners shouldn’t have more difficulty than Latinless native speakers when it comes to learning the traditional Latin shortcuts. All they have to do is look them up in an English dictionary. However, we live in an age that bows before ignorance. Governing authorities and schools seem to feel that eliminating â€Å"hard words† is more desirable than taking the trouble to teach them. As for my use of the abbreviations e.g. and Ex., the only time I choose e.g. is in running text to introduce a short list of things or people to illustrate a concept: I especially love the nineteenth-century novelists, e.g., Herman Melville, Mrs. Gaskill, and George Eliot. And I don’t always put the e.g. bit in parentheses. Related post: The Difference Between e.g. and i.e.? Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:10 Rules for Writing Numbers and Numerals11 Writing Exercises to Inspire You and Strengthen Your WritingWriting a Thank You Note

buy custom Programmable Logic Controls essay

buy custom Programmable Logic Controls essay History of Programmable Logic Controls With emergence of new technologies, control engineering has undergone drastic changes. In the ancient days, only human beings could control a system. The 19th and 20th century witnessed great deal of advancement in technology. Electricity based on relays has been adopted for control systems. More recently the development of Programmable Logic Control (PLC) has added up to the advancing manufacturing controls. PLC has been widely used in industrial automation. The advent helps control and regulates sequence in any production operations. Notably, most production process undergo a fixed a logical steps. PLC has gained popularity in most industries and is expected to become predominant even in the future. During early days of its inception, PLC was hard wired by use of logical units, timers and electronic relays. It restricted production time and it was hard for products to be changed. The system was not effective, and this forced engineers to invent a flexible PLCs system. The pursuit for an effective control system started in 1970s. This was facilitated by the advent of mini-computers which allowed easy change of input-output features of a manufacturing process. In 1980s, fast and reliable microprocessors came into being. In effect, this facilitated the emergence of the current PLCs. The instrument is robust and serve many functions. The system is available in small, medium and large sizes (Vernon 2010). Units of a Programmable Logic Control PLC has four distinct functional units. The system has a Programme Memory where the instructions and procedures for the logical steps of a manufacturing process are stored. The system has a Data Memory which carries interlocks, status of the switches and values of data. The output devices comprises of hardware and software drivers which are commonly used by the industrial process actuators which may include motors, valves and solenoid. The input device is another unit that has hardware and software drivers such as proximity detectors, switch status sensors and interlock setting. Other than the above mentioned units, Programmable Logic Control has a superior programming unit. In most cases, a PC may be connected to PLC to make a programming unit (Lewis 2008). The programming unit performs very crucial role during automated manufacturing process. It is used for building, testing and editing logical steps that to be followed during the manufacturing operations. PLCs are programmed diffe rently by different manufacturers using their own standards and definitions. The most programming languages used include Sequential Function Chart, IIEC 61131-3 standard and Function Block Diagrams. However, Ladder Logic is a programming language that has been well established and wiidely used by PLC programmers (Lewis 2008). Functions of PLC System tools The basic function of Programmable Logic System is to admit information from switches and sensors to control machines in a manufacturing process. It electronically rewires the established control panel thus facilitating relay of information. In the recent times, PLC roles have extended beyond mere relay of information in system circuits to food processing and environment control. The PLC communication tools, processing power and information treatment process have replaced desktop computer. Advantages of using PLC PLC has been widely used in most manufacturing industries because of its numerous advantages. Firstly, PLC is cost-effective for controlling sophisticated manufacturing processes and systems. Secondly, it is flexible hence can be used to control other complex systems easily. Thirdly, PLC has high computational abilities thus allowing a classy control of the manufacturing operations. PLC allows trouble shooting thus making programming easier. Due its reliable components, the system can operate for a long time without failure. Disadvantages of Programming Logic Controls The system is expensive to installed hence small companies would be able not utilize the invention. It requires technical expertise which might be lacking in most organizations. Buy custom Programmable Logic Controls essay

Introduction to people, Orgarniation and Management Essay

Introduction to people, Orgarniation and Management - Essay Example The company has got continuous improvements in its process which has helped it to increase its market share in such a way and also has enabled the company to utilize the resources in most optimum way thus reducing the wastage costs by a huge extent. In this essay the organizational structure and culture that is been followed in valve is been analyzed using various theories. The issues which are been analyzed in this essay related to the company are the organizations structure and architecture and also the leadership and power wherein the importance of having a good structure in the company and also a strong leader is been seen and how it creates an impact in the company’s business process is been studied. Valve Corporation as a company has grown over the years in a huge way, the reason behind the company’s such growth is its highly innovative and quality video games that the company has launched over the years in the market. It has been able to develop such good quality software’s only because of the highly skilled and technically strong human resource that the company has in its resource list. The company was started as a small industry by Gabe Newell and Mike Harrington from where now it has become one of the biggest games developing company in the world. The company maintains a flat management structure like in high schools where in there are no managers and employees work in different teams as per their projects as and when needed. The environment maintained in the company is very fun loving and employees are been given lots of facility to work at ease with no pressure or force. The company doesn’t have any managers, no middle management and all the employees are at same level and they are allowed to work as they want (Valve Software, 2014). The way of communication flow in the company is very casual as employees talk to each others in meeting, elevator,

International Commodities Index Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

International Commodities Index - Article Example The supply chain of most products in initiated in the production or manufacturing stage. During this stage engineers and managers make purchase orders to obtain key raw materials needed to create the goods or services. In the power tool industry, two essential raw materials are metals and plastics. Plastics are a raw material which is considered a petroleum derivative. Crude oil and metals are categorized as commodities in the stock market. Their prices are very volatile and fluctuations in price occurred on a daily basis. Good indicators which analyst in the power tool industry must pay close attention to are commodity price indexes. For example, the Rogers International Commodity Index (RICI) aims to be an effective indicator of the price of raw material in the United States and around the world (Rogersrawmaterials, 2007). When the prices go down on these materials it is good idea to realize bulk purchases. Another strategy the can be utilized to lock the price of the commodity is to acquire future contracts. A future contract obligates a trader to sell an asset at an agreed upon price at some point in the future (Bodie & Kane & Marcus, 2002, p.982). Power pools are products which need energy in order to function. The energy industry is another key industry with has a great impact on the power tool industry. The designers of power tools must consider what type of platform will provide energy into the system. Two possible alternatives are battery and electricity power tools. Trends in the capacity and prices of batteries must be considered since the overall cost of the unit rises after the purchase of the batteries. If the power tools depends on electricity the executives of the companies could analyze trends in the electricity market by utilizing regression analyzes in which the monthly price of electricity over the last 10-20 years in particular country or city are inputted into the equation to determine price trends.  

Incarcerations effects on families Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Incarcerations effects on families - Term Paper Example Now there is a new category for incarceration, debtors, even for very small debts. In a bid for increased corporate welfare, businesses in some states (Illinois, Georgia, Louisiana, Ohio, Washington, for example) enlist the police, sheriff, and court system to imprison those who owe money and are not paying it quickly enough. A recent news article told about the case of Lisa Lindsay, a breast cancer survivor who ignored a $280 medical bill she was told was in error and not owed. A collection agency got jurisdiction over it and Illinois state troopers took her to jail in handcuffs (Sherter, 2012). In more than one third of the states in America, many poverty-stricken seniors, veterans, mothers, fathers, and the unemployed have been locked up in prison for the flimsiest of reasons, being unable to settle even the tiniest of debts. The marginalized poor are being increasingly criminalized. It is not the assumption of this paper that incarceration is totally without merit. There are peop le whose thinking is so distorted and whose actions are so dangerous that society must be protected from victimization. On the other hand, a rapidly rising prison population, unrepresentative of socioeconomic and racial parameters of the general population, and in comparison to the incarceration/population ratios of other countries, suggests a possibility that the USA criminal justice system is failing to solve crime through incarceration, and is worsening the situation. Incarcerating a person who is found to have broken the law removes a single threat from the street, perhaps, but there are less visible outcomes this paper intends to consider. Incarcerated prisoners, on any given day, represent more than 500,000 families being impacted by incarceration (Hairston, 1991). Those families need to be strongly bonded and assisted by personal and community networks. Maintaining strong family ties has been found to support prisoner and family mental health, increase the probability that th e prisoner will have a family to return to after prison, and reduce the probability that the prisoner, once released, will have to return to prison for probation violations or other criminal activity (Hairston, 1991). In support of strengthening family ties, prisons are beginning to implement more generous family communication policies, marital and private family visits, children’s centers in the prison, and prison visitor hospitality houses. Families of prisoners are organizing to advocate for conditions and services that support prison families (Hairston, 1991). A lot more is needed, however, not only to provide a strong family network for the prisoner, but especially to counter the profound negative effects of incarceration on other members of the family. The effects of parent incarceration on children is a significant social issue because 56% of all state prisoners have minor children, and the majority of incarcerated adults are, in fact, state prisoners (Lengyel, 2006). Separation from an incarcerated father, the stigma attached to the incarceration, and deceptions played on the child around that incarceration have reportedly been associated with emergent aggressive and antisocial behavior, particularly in the sons of

Competitive Intelligence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Competitive Intelligence - Essay Example The evolutions of new challenges like technological advancements and out sourcing have posed new challenges for the business operations. Understanding these challenges and acting according to the implications required an acute sense of understanding the situations and the analyzing to the best. The competitor analysis has diversified into more specific issues of planning, collection of more influential data, analysis and communication, which were undeniable influencers of success. The research is conducted by taking individual tasks and integrating it to the organizational concerns making the analysis more robust and to derive more refined facts. The country analysis gives a broad idea about the investment atmosphere prevailing in the country under consideration. The current position of the industrial sector under consideration, the amount of market capitalization existing in the country for the sector, the number of existing players competing and their presence in the market., the government approach for the development of the sector, the entry norms for the investors, the resources availability, the supportive industry presence for companies like the smaller parts manufacturers for automobile industries etc, The volume of the business to be explored, the number of years for turnaround to gain the considerable market reach, and the socio-economic factors of the country that may influence the business potential. The above factors may differ from one country to the other. For example a Canadian company is planning to enter new market in Ontario. The company has to know the feasibility of the business in the Ontario. The compa ny has taken help of a consulting company to know the market environment in the region. The consulting company has given details of components related to the competitors, recent trends fallowed by the competitors, the financial status. Comparison between New Zealand & Canada: New Zealand, competitor intelligence is a pioneering issue under consideration that has been given preference only after 90's (Craig S. Fleisher, 2004). The business elite group is not known of using the competitor intelligence tools as much. The study perceived by Procter revealed some interesting facts that the business environment was more inclined towards domestic markets rather than concentrating on the growing need to globalize (Craig S. Fleisher, 2004, P 43). The New Zealand business sectors are optimistic that competitor intelligence has more important role to play in the due of time. The New Zealand business sectors sensed the constraints they need to overcome to sustain in their respective business but they are yet to open to the implementation of competitor intelligence strategies to raise their business levels to globally acceptable level. The business sectors are not ready to face the realities like the constraints they need to know about their external environment they are into. To address these new business requirements the business entities need more resources like internet, product patent information etc (Patents and competitive intelligence). The modes of business education were only

Risks and Optimal Capital Structure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Risks and Optimal Capital Structure - Essay Example USA being a relatively efficient and informed market environment. Risks tend to be closely correlated with returns expected. The components of risks that are unique to US alone include: 1. Inflation risk._ inflation can provide a way to keep up with or stay ahead of inflation. It is defined as the rise in general levels of prices. During high period of inflation, there is a risk that the financial return of an investment will not keep pace with the inflation rate. It reduces the purchasing power, besides; this risk varies form one investment to the other. Small businesses can be seriously affected because this risk can not be insulated against such risk. 2. Market risk: _ the prices of stocks, bonds, mutual funds and various commodities and even services may fluctuate because of the behaviour of investors in the market place. As a result, economic growth is not as systematic and predictable as most investors might believe. Periods of rapid expansion are followed by periods of recession; it may be quite difficult to sell investments like real estate. Fluctuations in the market price for stocks and bonds may have nothing to do with the fundamental changes in the financial health of small businesses. Common causes of such fluctuations can be caused by political or social conditions. 3. 3. Interest rate risk _ this risk is associated with a fixed return investment in preferred stocks or government bonds. It is the result of changes in the interest rates in the economy. The value of these fixed investment securities and borrowed investment funds decreases when overall interest rates increase. 4. Global investment risk__Nowadays small businesses have become global hubs, as the world has become increasingly interconnected into a global village. Small traders keep their investments in foreign companies and other global players and this creates additional risks due to exchange rate in international currencies as exchange rates directly affect returns. 5. Business failure risk_ this is associated with the possibility of bad management, unsuccessful products, competition, or many other factors that can cause the business to be less profitable than originally anticipated. Lower profits would mean lower dividends or no dividends at all. Businesses can also close down due to bankruptcy too. Optimal capital structure means that businesses decide on what the best ratio is, between equity or owners capital and borrowed or debt should be. When such is carefully done, businesses should minimize borrowings as much as to avoid paying high interest on them. Incases from capital contributed from outsiders, corporations should first pay them (obligatorily) before paying themselves .this posses the question of maintaining an optimal capital structure to businesses regardless of their magnitude. REFERNCES 1. Financial management journal vol.33, 2004. 2. www.fma, 2007 3. Geoffrey A.Hirt and Stanley block, fundamentals of investment management 2003. 4. Kapoor Dlabay, personal finance 6th edition 2001. 5. Richard loth, www.investopedia.com, evaluating a company's capital structure, Oct

Competitive Intelligence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Competitive Intelligence - Essay Example The evolutions of new challenges like technological advancements and out sourcing have posed new challenges for the business operations. Understanding these challenges and acting according to the implications required an acute sense of understanding the situations and the analyzing to the best. The competitor analysis has diversified into more specific issues of planning, collection of more influential data, analysis and communication, which were undeniable influencers of success. The research is conducted by taking individual tasks and integrating it to the organizational concerns making the analysis more robust and to derive more refined facts. The country analysis gives a broad idea about the investment atmosphere prevailing in the country under consideration. The current position of the industrial sector under consideration, the amount of market capitalization existing in the country for the sector, the number of existing players competing and their presence in the market., the government approach for the development of the sector, the entry norms for the investors, the resources availability, the supportive industry presence for companies like the smaller parts manufacturers for automobile industries etc, The volume of the business to be explored, the number of years for turnaround to gain the considerable market reach, and the socio-economic factors of the country that may influence the business potential. The above factors may differ from one country to the other. For example a Canadian company is planning to enter new market in Ontario. The company has to know the feasibility of the business in the Ontario. The compa ny has taken help of a consulting company to know the market environment in the region. The consulting company has given details of components related to the competitors, recent trends fallowed by the competitors, the financial status. Comparison between New Zealand & Canada: New Zealand, competitor intelligence is a pioneering issue under consideration that has been given preference only after 90's (Craig S. Fleisher, 2004). The business elite group is not known of using the competitor intelligence tools as much. The study perceived by Procter revealed some interesting facts that the business environment was more inclined towards domestic markets rather than concentrating on the growing need to globalize (Craig S. Fleisher, 2004, P 43). The New Zealand business sectors are optimistic that competitor intelligence has more important role to play in the due of time. The New Zealand business sectors sensed the constraints they need to overcome to sustain in their respective business but they are yet to open to the implementation of competitor intelligence strategies to raise their business levels to globally acceptable level. The business sectors are not ready to face the realities like the constraints they need to know about their external environment they are into. To address these new business requirements the business entities need more resources like internet, product patent information etc (Patents and competitive intelligence). The modes of business education were only

Operations and Enterprise Resource Planning Essay - 1

Operations and Enterprise Resource Planning - Essay Example However, Oxfam seeks to ensure that no aid is lost based on past experiences. In order to manage its operations, the recommendation is Systems Applications and Products. SAP Business ByDesign will offer a solution to the best i to Oxfam’s operations and enterprise resource planning. Using this solution, SAP business ByDesign will offer accounting and financial support, processes and distribution, CRM, reporting and administration. SAP business ByDesign offers financial accounting, banking, budgeting, and financial reporting; and web-oriented customer management, sales opportunity, customer support, and Microsoft outlook integration. In operations, SAP Business ByDesign offers inventory management and production planning, while reporting and administration involve automatic alerts, dashboard reports, and customization and incorporation. Through the integration of this and other services, Oxfam will obtain one precise source of each of its critical data for the entire organization. Additionally, the software will enhance the organization’s donors and volunteer-base through web oriented CRM and e-commerce abilities. Additionally, Oxfam’s publicity campaign implementation will take a proactive approach through workflows, automatic alerts, and effective response to the needs of its customers and events. For a user friendly, responsive, and robust system, I recommend SAP supply chain management (SAP SCM). This application will assist Oxfam in its disaster management through adapting specific organization’s supply chain processes, especially given the fast changing and unpredictable environment, given that the specific level of disaster is normally unknown for most emergency and disaster cases. However, Oxfam has to ensure that none of the aid taken to the hit areas goes to waste and this means that real-time data can be obtained. The implication of using SAP ByDesign is so as to

A comparative analysis of The Sun Essay Example for Free

A comparative analysis of The Sun Essay Newspapers are a form of communication and words and photographs can be used very powerfully. New stories attract your attention and styles of writing / reporting is used as an effective device. The media use these devices each and every day. An article they have read in a newspaper has at sometime influenced everyone. However, it is important that you realise you are being influenced and how this is being achieved. Just by purchasing either The Sun or The Guardian to read is the most influential decision you do! This media assignment is a comparative analysis of The Sun a tabloid newspaper and The Guardian a broadsheet newspaper. The front pages will be compared, as will be a news story and also the editorials from both editions. Front Page The Sun Tuesday, March 18 2003. The Guardian Tuesday, March 18 2003. The visual presentation in both front pages of The Sun and The Guardian play a very important role. The Sun has used the front page as a presentational device; this is representative of the journalism in The Sun. The whole of the front page is dedicated to the image of a group of soldiers in action; with the headline Green light for War which is echoed by the whole of the front page tinted in green, which is the apparent view through a soldiers night vision binoculars. This relates well to the article itself; it communicates to its readers without having to first read the text. The use of the colour green and the headline Green light is almost a metaphor; it suggests to the reader that war is forth coming and at hand. These are stylistic choices made to appeal to readers and are eye-catching. Also the main information needed is contained within the headline. Within the text on The Suns front-page one sentence is represented as one paragraph this is to allow the readers eye to travel to points and draw the image and the text together. The style of writing adopted has a bearing on the theatrical; In the ghostly green light. stealthily towards plus the use of bold text adds to the effect. The structures of the sentences are very simple, abstract and condensed easy for the reader to digest. The tone of the piece is informal, a technique to make it easier for the assumed audience to read. In contrast to The Suns front page The Guardian has many glaring differences between the two. The Guardian uses much more information throughout. By comparison the images used in The Guardian of Robin Cook MP and President Bush are also important national and international events as Bush is seen looking very solemn and serious seated at his desk. It seems that The Guardian is trying to strike a chord with the reader by including above the photograph of Bush a sub heading; Bush throws down gauntlet to Saddam: Go into exile with your top men or face massive invasion. Whilst not overdoing it to seem patronising, a well-fixed balance seems to have been found the image reflects the sub heading. The photograph of Robin Cook and sub heading balances out the layout of the front page it looks neat and methodical. The Guardians choice of text and language differs greatly to The Sun the style is also abstract but uses literary angle History will be astonished at the diplomatic miscalculations. This indicates that the people who read this newspaper have a higher level of education, as this paper is more difficult to understand. The Guardian uses long, complex sentences this once again indicates a reasonable level of intelligence expected from the readership. Statistics are used in The Guardian to prove several points this is used as evidence for the sub heading Support for attack jumps, but opposition still in majority. It helps the reader understand the neutral reporting by stating the statistics the article is laying out the information for the reader to absorb. All three articles on the front page of The Guardian use direct speech; in total contrast The Sun does not supply any direct speech on its front page. This is not the only difference between the two newspapers the content is completely different. The different audiences at which the papers are aimed are apparently much more in the content and language of the two newspapers than any other factors affecting them. Newstory The Sun Thursday, March 13 2003: Tarrant: I like to make them sweat. The Guardian Thursday, March 13 2003: Judge provides lifeline as Tarrant fails to answer barristers opening question. Both newstories are visual both have a photograph of the TV celebrity Chris Tarrant. One of the effective differences is The Sun uses colour photograph and The Guardian has gone for the black and white option. This is influential towards the audience colour is communicable and catches the attention of the reader. Plus The Sun has devoted two pages to the story albeit one page is dedicated to photographs and a sketch of inside the court. The Guardian is quite restrained and formal concerning the current trial involving TVs Chris Tarrant and Major Ingram and his alleged cheating on the popular TV game show. Considering the popularity and interest in the case The Guardian does not sensationalise or dramatise the reporting in its article. It is an objective piece of journalism giving the reader a balanced point of view, it is there to inform only. In comparison The Sunis not concerned with serious public interest, but only with what entertains the intended reader and therefore it sees its readers as enjoying celebrity news / scandal. All journalism is there to elicit a response from the reader. The article in The Sun creates an atmosphere of amusement. Spread across the top of the two pages like a mini-headline that reads Millionaire courtroom in stitches as game show host takes witness box this is intended to make the story sound more amusing and an added factor is the over large photograph of the jovial Chris Tarrant; this only reinforces what The Sun thinks its audience wants to see. The Guardian uses articulate language throughout; the sentences are longer and structured and are also approached in a formal manner. There is no striking headline instead this article has a smaller lower case text, and is located on the middle of the second page of The Guardian. Furthermore there is no use of puns, clichi s or jokes to cheapen the article. The way, in which the article is written provides more evidence, it is a conservative style of journalism this appeals to an intellectually wider audience. Whereas The Sun reports a similar story throughout, but its use of language is distinctive to tabloid newspapers. By using monosyllabic style The Sun creates easy reading most paragraphs are short bursts theses are designed to keep the readers attention. The Sun also uses a form of pyramid journalism, they put the juicy news first as many readers dont read more than the first couple of paragraphs this is stereotypical of tabloid newspapers. The main headline Tarrant: I like to make them sweat is an excellent example of journalise; its clichi ridden which is characteristic of The Sun. Once again in The Sun one sentence is equal to one paragraph. The opening paragraph is bold and in lower case text and is a simple explanation to the reader about the main headline. From the opening paragraph and into the sixth paragraph the text has changed four times from bold to italic text, the purpose of this is to keep the reader attentive and engaged. The sketch in The Sun in which Chris Tarrant looks like hes being questioned by the prosecutor, has text below quote Final answer? is a splendid example of the use of a clichi / pun, as it makes reference to Chris Tarrants TV game show. The readers of The Guardian are more likely to be scholarly as much of the language that The Guardian uses is academic, such as its use of polysyllabic text: impassionate, strategically, specifically, steepled and persona are examples of this type of language which is used in the article. It crates a more accurate coverage and reporting of this particular news story, which is apparently how the readers of The Guardian prefer their newspaper to report, more focus on the facts than entertainment. Editorials The Sun Says Thursday, March 13 2003: Only the right way remains. Comment Analysis The Guardian Tuesday, March 18 2003: Left behind to starve. The editorials from both The Sun and The Guardian have corresponding themes war. How they contrast greatly is all down to the content and style of each article. At present the threat of war hangs heavily around the world if not more so in the UK. How each newspaper responds co-insides with its intended audience and how they are expected to respond. The Suns editorial has a bold underlined heading Only the right way remains. What is the editor implying here? Is there no other way, have we no other choice? This type of journalism is impressionable, eliciting an emotional response from the reader. The use of bold lower case text and then a short, three-word sentence followed by a four-word sentence is a clever grammatical and punctuation style of journalism, it make the reading of the article more dramatic and powerful. Puns, clichi s and sensationalised text flow throughout this editorial, the UN are seen as minnows and small fry, people are dangerous dictators, President Chirac displays arrogance and greed. All these styles are designed to influence the audience into the editors way of thinking. The opening paragraph is more of a statement than a piece of journalism; the editor is trying to play on the emotional side of the reader. What becomes apparent throughout is the patriotism shown, is the editor trying to play on the readers conscience? Possibly to sway their views and opinions? Stylistic methods and the use of hyperbolic text like: That is the measure of Blairs courage and determination which does seem a deliberate overstatement; added to the fact the text is bold and underlined is this for confirmation? Half way through the editorial The Sun quotes Blair on his tough stance: Its best to work out what the right thing is and do it. The use of monosyllabic language doesnt co-inside really with Blairs supposedly tough stance; its not much of a powerful quote! The simple use of language makes it not too complicated for the reader to perceive. In stark contrast to The Sun Says, The Guardian takes a different side to the inevitable war. This article takes a more poignant look at the effects of war and is entitled left behind to stave. From the headline and minimalist fashion of drawing the audience is exposed to an emotive style of journalism. In the first paragraph the reader is prepared for the oncoming purpose of this editorial. The first paragraph almost preps the reader Citizens would demand that their governments spend as much on humanitarian aid as they spend on developing new means of killing people. This is straight and to the point writing and also it is a very emotional style. The amount of space that this editorial is given [estimate 1000 words] is a representation on how it feels the importance of this story is needs to be told. The disclosure throughout from the amount the US will spend [$12bn] on the war, to Burundi, which is officially the third poorest nation on earth, is poignant and also emotionally striking. It is an article that exposes another side to war that many people would not have contrived. The Guardian carries throughout it this editorial the use of academic language disproportional, institutional collapse, consolidated appeal, unprecedented and uninhabitable this is what makes The Guardian is serious and educational newspaper. The Guardian discusses the logical and realistic effects around the world, whereas The Sun is not open for debate. This can be seen in the choice of language, it is churlish Treachery of France Small fry at the UN America, the mightiest nation on earth It is a typical device The Sun uses to win over the reader. The Guardian on the other hand lays down an argument and then explores it; sees the problems and evidence, then puts the factual data in for the reader to reflect and to consider. The Guardian has produced a convincing and statistical article that appeals to the readers moral stance rather than The Suns political powers of irrational thinking. The final closing paragraph [bold underlined] of The Sun Says has Tony Blair cemented in history is the reader to assume he is heroic and legendary, The Sun presumes so. The Guardian concludes with an ethical paragraph and cleverly uses a personal pronoun we, this accomplishes the objective to sound more real which it is.

The War on Drugs: Illegal Opium Markets

The War on Drugs: Illegal Opium Markets Introduction Opium (and opioids) which are obtained from the sap of the poppy plant have routinely been used to control pain in countries throughout the world over many centuries. Opium, also, has historically been used in a social context illustrated by the opium dens in China which has lead to it becoming a trade-able commodity with high values over recent eras. Opioids have therefore developed both legal and illegal global markets and through studying where this stands in society both now and historically it will assist the reader to interpret what is determined to be crime and subsequently justice. The notion of Crime has traditionally been regarded as an offence which goes beyond the personal and into the public sphere, breaking prohibitory rules or laws, to which legitimate punishments are attached and what a society considers to be a crime is socially constructed (Scott Marshall, 2009). Crime, however must not be considered in isolation and can be defined by the power inequalities amongst stakeholders in both how local and global relations cause tensions or aid policies and practice which result in violence, the so called white-collar crime. Wars have been attributed to the opium trade and these contested matters on both individual and national levels cause both social and personal harms (The Open University, 2009(a)). In order to critically analyse opiate use we must understand what constitutes legal and illegal drug use. Legal use can be considered to be prescription drugs, drugs available over the counter (OTC) and other socially accepted means whereas in contrast what is construed to be illegal has constantly in flux and is determined by those in power who attempt to isolate and control behaviours that are out-with social norms (The Open University, 2009 (b)). It is perhaps not by coincidence then that throughout history certain cultures, communities and specific groups have been actively targeted and by penal measures in the justice system or other socially constructed ones held accountable for wrongdoings whereas those in power both in (inter)national corporations and governments have often remained unaccountable for their actions. The war on drugs, who does it really affect? The link between global relations and the illegal opium markets have recurring themes through history. War is one of these and in America in the 1970s there was a real threat to the stability of the preceding government so a decision was made by President Richard Nixon to declare a nationwide war on drugs across the whole of America. Under the guise of this war the regime targeted dissident groups including the Black Panthers and those who canvassed support against the Vietnam War (The Open University, 2009(c)). Wars have both intended and unintended consequences, in this case the government has assisted indirectly in encouraging more violent traits with emerging gangs seeking fresh territory in order to traffic drugs illegally (The Open University, 2009,(c)). On a local level drug trade can be essential for the community to be self-sufficient, especially in poverty stricken areas and those with higher crime and deprivation levels. Such complex relations and competing power balances allow for corruptness to occur in high level positions of authority therefore benefiting those who are involved in dealing or importation, the counter argument provided by individuals living in these deprived areas of Afghanistan are that if work was provided, housing and other human essentials then they wouldnt need to be involved in illegal activities. It is clear that these communities are treated less favourably than more powerful corporations and governments who also break or influence the law. Crime involving drugs are generally associated with anti-social groups, the underclass or those with low income as opposed to the wealthier and subsequently more influential classes, therefore there is just cause in suggesting that class bias occurs when treatment is needed involving opioids. A further relative example is that in the USA black people were, and remain, disproportionally represented in the jails (The Open University, 2009(c)). Why are the powerful able to get away with Crime? The powerful, those with money, those in high positions or with influential sway are seemingly able to get away with crimes which affect locals, crimes against humanity, they hold the responsibility for punishing and regulating others. The question that must be asked is who regulates them? The truth is that they arent and if they are found at fault the problem can be made to go away. The Open University (2009, (b)) argue that there is there is a clear difference between how the justice system treats the perceived legal and illegal elements. There appears to be no regulation in how the pharmaceutical industry can be allowed without question to be involved in the Prescription Drug User Fee Act from 1992 which is linked to the Food and Drug Administration, therefore its accountability to be examined. From this it is clear that large influential corporations whom evade any punishment through the justice system, but internal corruption is more prevalent due to the lack of regulation or risk of punitive sanction within the trade. Corruption is a key area in how corporations and the illegal hierarchy together are able to by-pass the justice system allowing for the trading in opiates to continue despite strict measures attempting to prevent it (The Open University, 2009(b)). Another example in quantitative terms of justice being avoided is highlighted when Purdue Pharma, an international company was fined $600 million because they had deliberately misled their customers by stating that Oxycontin was less addictive that other competitors products. This deception caused several people to lose their lives and many people to subsequently become addicted, all from what consumer would of believed to be a reputable organisation (The Open University, 2009(b)). Again no custodial terms were handed out to the persons responsible which is in stark contrast to the less powerful groups who in the main are targeted as being accountable. This also demonstrates how the global (international) can affect the local (national). Global relations in the form of large corporations and drug cartels, those who together both distribute drugs when analysed actually are more similar that dissimilar, together they want to: provide a reputable service leading to repeat custom; sell their product (often for a profit); manage the risk of harm, violence or penal sanction by having management structures in place, for example those at the top have the most assets but are never seen getting their hands dirty, where the foot soldiers are placing themselves at the higher end of the risk spectrum increase professionalism in product manufacture and marketing (The Open University, 2009(b)) Why do drugs go where the trade goes? The production and use of opium has a complex interrelationship with the 19th Century colonisation where the British began to import opiates into China from its Indian colonies. The Chinese Emperor banned this import of opium due to his country suffering high addiction levels. The British government believed in free trade and took action to ensure that the Chinese would accept opium imports whether it was legal or not (The Open University, 2009(b)). Because Britain was able to exercise this power it continued to be detrimental to China. Ironically centuries later the British Prime Minister Tony Blair cited the same example the Chinese emperor had used in that Britain was being harmed therefore it was necessary to start military action in Afghanistan in order to destroy the Afghanistan opium crops. Both times our government was answerable for causing harm to another nation but not held at legal or moral fault. Instead it was held that it served as in the interest of the nation rather than criminally wrong (The Open University, 2009(b)). Trade boundaries in global affairs are not only influenced by their respective governments. Both Turkey and India contribute to the destruction of Opium crops in Afghanistan and consequentially by restricting this market globally they have control over pricing of opioids, as opposed to higher competition lowering the cost of each unit. Violent clashes followed involving the farmers and government officials but this action only harmed locals by physical violence but taking their only available source of income. By examining Tajikistan which is a country lying to the north of Afghanistan it will assist in understanding how illegal trafficking occurs. It has isolated borders and no road networks between border nations but it is the gateway to the rest of Asia and then Europe. The Tajikistan authorities seize more illegal shipments than all the other Asian counties together (The Open University, 2009(c)). When the Soviet Union collapsed, Tajikistan was devastated and they were exposed to incentives to support illegal activities by trafficking drugs. This meant that more drugs are freely available which has altered the patterns of consumption and the need for stronger drugs like heroin. Global trade in different cultures and countries therefore affects both the illegal and legal methods of importation and drug usage / dependency (The Open University, 2009(a)). Tajikistan itself is a large scale drug industry that again shows how corruption at all levels of society and particular within the police and governments i.e. Border guards and their senior officers demonstrates a blurring of who is at fault, social harms are being created at all levels and if faced with the option to survive or not locals are always going to be found at fault by influential officials (The Open University, 2009(b)). Conclusion Today, we live in a world of global trade and national exchange. I have demonstrated that where open trade occurs then so does the illegal drug market, you cant have open trade and no drugs. Crime is therefore to be considered as a global concern not a local one. In critically reviewing both legal and illegal opium markets it is fair to argue that the power disparities within localities allows for social harms to be created, on a global level what takes place in one country can have a direct impact on another leading to violence and damaged communities. Power is a key theme and is shown during the closing of the Chinese boundaries but Britain still continued to force trading relations alongside the destruction of communities in the USA, Tajikistan and Afghanistan as a result of poverty and corruptness by authorities. The definition of crime at the start is given as its socially constructed and personal, this essay opens up this theory and shows that crime through illegal and legal methods of opioid use is actually a global concern; Tajikistan following Soviet collapse shows the global implications of Crime and Justice. Approximately 1750 words not including the question or brackets. Types of Abuse: Domestic, Financial and Technological Types of Abuse: Domestic, Financial and Technological Abuse occurs when people mistreat or misuse other people. Abusive behaviors are used to manipulate others. But the uncommon types of abuse are just as important as the common ones. They include economic, academic, and psychological abuse. Economic abuse is a form of abuse when one intimate partner has control over the other partners access to economic resources, which diminishes the victims capacity to support him/herself and forces him/her to depend on the perpetrator financially. Economic and financial abuse. Examples of economic abuse are removing or keeping property without consent, dispasing of property against another persons wishes and without lawful excuse, preventing access to joint financial assets, such as a joint bank account for the purposes of meeting normal household expenses. Economic abuse can include an abuser preventing victims from working and accessing bank accounts, credit cards or transportation among other isolating tactics as mentioned before. Money gives us a voice but most survivors of abuse already feel silenced by their experience. Lack of money intensifies feelings of being trapped, developed and alone. People living below the poverty line are the most vulnerable to economic abuse. For those manage to escape the abuse and survive initially, they often face overwhelming odds in obtaining long term security and safety, ruined credit scores, sporadic employment histories and legal issues caused by the battering make it extremely difficult to gain independence safety and long term security. Getting out of economic abuse involves opening separate bank accounts from the abuser. Creating a private account or find a safe place to store cash since saving up in and itself can trigger abuse, victims are tasked with finding ways to make and save money without the abuser finding out. Dean emphasizes that someones ability to save money will depend on the degree to which their adviser exerts control over them. For someone who is bei ng watched 24/7 the money saving process may be much slower. As with any abusive relationship victims must consider their safety after theyve left. Stopping economic abuse is an extremely complicated task because each familys financial situation and relationship is different. Economic abuse is rarely talked about and misunderstood by people but we simply cant afford to talk about it anymore.. Technology abuse is digital partner violence when technology is used such as cell-phones, computers, and location technologies to bully, harass, stalk or intimidate a partner. Often this behavior is a form verbal or emotional abuse perpetrated online, through texts, calls Etc. The internet is one of the most popular dynamics shaping our social, intellectual and moral spheres. The internet empowers individuals with immediate information to collaborate, engage, and participate. Technology abuse is extremely common in abusive relationships. Abusers often misuse technology as a way to control and monitor, or humans victims. Many states have responded to this misuse of technology by passing specific laws to address the behaviors. In other states these acts can come under criminal laws such as harassment, stalking, eavesdropping, unlawful surveillance, etc. There are different types of technology abuse such as sexting, which is the act of sending and receiving sexually explicit text messa ges, photographs or videos mainly through a mobile device. There Is always a risk that a sext could be shared or distributed with additional people electronically without your consent. Another is impersonation, impersonation generally refers to when someone uses a false identity and commits acts that will result in personal gain or that will deceive or harm another person. Some states have laws that criminize impersonating another person with the intent to defraud someone. One more example of technology abuse is Electronic surveillance. Electronic surveillance is a broad term used to describe when someone watches another person actions or monitors a persons conversations without his/her knowledge or consent by using one or more electronic device. Electronic surveillance can be done by misusing cameras, recorders, wiretaps, social media, or email. It can also be done by the misuse of monitoring software (Known as Spyware) which can be installed on a computer, tablet, or smartphone to secretly monitor the activity without users knowledge. Young people are increasingly being subjected to technology abuse. Teen violence prevention organization day one says half of the people ages 14-24 have experienced it. Lesbians, gays bisexuals users are more than twice as likely than straight users, to experience abuse online. The study found that also men and women are subject to similar levels of abuse, the attacks on women were often of a more serious nature of the 20 categories of harassment the researchers looked at. Men were most likely to report being called names and being embarrassed online. Psychological abuse (also referred as psychological violence, emotional abuse or mental abuse) is a form of abuse, characterized by a person subjecting, or exposing another person to behavior that may result in psychological trauma, including anxiety, chronic depression or post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychological abuse is common and yet few understand the psychological abuse definition enough to spot it without the visible signs of physical abuse can stay hidden for years. Psychological abuse though can be just as worse as physical abuse. psychological abuse can affect your inner thoughts and feelings as well as exert control over your life. You feel uncertain of the world around you, and unsafe in your own home, physiological abuse can destroy intimate relationship with yourself psychological abuse also applies to children and may impair their development into a healthy adult. The abuse signs and symptoms may start small at first as the abuser test the waters to see what the other person will accept, but before long the psychological abuse builds into something that can be frightening and threating. Signs include name calling, yelling, insulting the person, threating the person or something that is important to them, ignoring, isolating the excluding them from meaningful events. CITATIONS Campbell, Rebecca. Code to Inspire: Bitcoin Gives Afghan Women Financial Freedom. Bitcoin Magazine. N.p., 14 Apr. 2016. Web. 23 Mar. 2017. Written by Britni De La Cretaz.Britni Has Also Written: How Budgeting Improved My Relationship, Making Financial Amends in Alcoholics Anonymous and My Shopping Addiction Nearly Destroyed My Life More from This Author. How to Rebuild After Escaping Financial Abuse. Daily Worth. N.p., 28 Jan. 2017. Web. 23 Mar. 2017. Technological Abuse, Harassment on the Rise for Teens. CBS News. CBS Interactive, 22 Oct. 2016. Web. 23 Mar. 2017. Tracy, Natasha. Psychological Abuse: Definition, Signs and Symptoms. Healthy Place. N.p., July-Aug. 2012. Web. Mar.-Apr. 2017. Soong, Jennifer. When Technology Addiction Takes Over Your Life. WebMD. WebMD, 12 Nov. 2011. Web. 23 Mar. 2017.

Development Of The Carol Essay -- essays research papers

The seasonal songs popular in western music, especially in conjunction with the Christmas season, known as carols, have a rich and complex history full of tradition and controversy in the realms of both sacred and secular music. The concept of singing carols to celebrate holidays developed during the 13th century in France, although what was to be known as carol music had been around from centuries earlier. It is believed that when troubadour Saint Francis of Assisi had made the first Greccio crib, he began to sing songs honoring the Nativity and the joy of celebration in religion, for this was a strict Puritanical era wherein communal singing, drama, and any type of festivity was looked down upon in the first place, and absolutely abhorred in religion. The concept of singing these carols gained popularity throughout Europe towards the end of Puritan reign and the growth of the Mystery Play throughout the 14th and 15th centuries. The Mystery Plays were dramatic pieces celebrating the birth of Christ. The basic plainsong and antiphon of the time were lacking the drama required by these performances, and soon religious songs for these performances were being written in the vernacular for these plays. The still popular English "Coventry Carol" dates back to this period. By the end of the 15th century, carols had begun to stand on their own as anonymous pieces of music, and were dung on almost all religious feast days, including Christmas, Easter, and throughout the Spring in celebration of the peoples emancipation from Puritanism. As mentioned earlier, the music that these early carols were based on dates back to the 9th and 10th centuries Medieval period, where it was used as dance music. The word carol itself is derived form the Latin "choraula," which was a monophonic ring dance accompanied by singing during the Medieval era. The form of the early carols followed the binary structure of these dances. It consisted of the stanza, which was basically a verse, and was used as a resting point for the dancers, and the burden, which was a theme repeated at the beginning and ending of each piece as well as between each stanza. It expressed a sort of summary of the music, and was the time for the dancers to really swing. Anothe... ...the 19th century, the better carol music had been weeded out form the worse, and it began to be collected in a more systematic fashion. Countries throughout Europe began to amass their old carol folk songs into collections of national music. An innumerable number of old carol tunes that were hidden in the memory of old country folk were rediscovered and published for the first time. Today Christmas remains the most popular season to celebrate with carols. America has birthed her own collection of Christmas carols, although one will find these more modern 20th century carols to have much less of a connection with religion, if any at all, than the older European carols. A wide variety of carols form various geographic areas and eras continue to be sung by choirs and vocal ensembles, in churches, and for various forms of entertainment. There have even been instrumental arrangements and contemporary renditions of many of the older carols. Although in many ways the carol has been modernized, especially in the American culture, the beautiful simplicity and antiquity of the music, as well as the remarkable history and tradition they imply, cannot be ignored.

The 1893 World’s Fair Essay examples -- Arts Worlds Fair Essays

The 1893 World’s Fair A World’s Fair is an â€Å"[I]nternational exposition that features exhibits dealing with commerce, industry, and science.† (World Book Encyclopedia 412) Entertainment is also present along with cultural activities. In 1893, the World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago, although inaugurated a year late, commemorated the discovery of America. I feel that the Exposition displayed some of the more beautiful architecture of its time; its immense buildings and sculptures drew heavily from Greek and other classical styles, and it could possible be because of the sweeping popularity in Beaux Arts architecture. The Peristyle, one of the buildings that was constructed for the Fair, was designed by Charles B. Atwood. It was an ‘arcade of columns originally proposed by Augustus Saint Gaudens, the consultant on sculpture.† (Burg 79) The Perisytle was a beautiful building that followed in the traditional Greek pathway. It â€Å"was a series of forty-eight Corinthian columns, one for each of the American States and Territories, with an immense triumphal arch at the center. J The Peristyle itself was 500’ high, its top being a broad promenade populated by 85 allegorical figures in heroic scale.† (Burg 119) The Greeks used Peristyles in their architecture. A Peristyle was placed around the Greek Parthenon. Corinthian columns were created in the Hellenic era, but they had to wait until the Hellenistic era to reach their full development. J â€Å"They are distinguished by their ornate capitals with double rows of acanthus leaves and fernlike fonds rising from each corner and terminating in miniature volutes.† (Fleming 32) The largest structure at the fair was the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building. It housed many... ...ssive of the greatest eras of human history.† (Burg 175) It’s a shame that after all the work, and all of the visitors, and all the critics’ reviews, in the end the buildings have to be torn down! Bibliography No author cited. â€Å"World’s Fair.† World Book Encyclopedia. 1896 ed. Hunt, William Dudley Jr. â€Å"Beaux Arts, Ecole Des.† Hunt Encyclopedia of American Architecture, 1980 ed. Books Burg, David F. Chicago’s White City of 1893. Kentucky: The University Press of Kentucky, 1976. No author cited. The Columbian World’s Fair Atlas. Ohio: W.F. Towns 1891. Fleming, William. Arts and Ideas. 8th ed. Florida: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, Incorporated, 1991. No author cited. The American Heritage Dictionary. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1985. Newspaper No author cited. â€Å"A City of White Elephants.† New York Times 18 Sept. 1893, natl.ed.,8.

Rebecca vs. Rowena Essay

Rebecca and Rowena both bring two different worlds and aspects to the book. They also bring the feminine touches to the novel because they are the only female characters that are talked about in depth by Sir Walter Scott. Rebecca and Rowena also show the struggles and obstacles that women in 12th century Britain would have faced. Firstly, a major difference between these two characters is of course their racial and religious backgrounds. Rowena is a well off Christian Anglo-Saxon while Rebecca is a wealthy Jew. This difference may not seem so crucial but it turned out to be the very reason why Rebecca wasn’t able to marry the love she loved- Ivanhoe. The reason being that during this time being a Jew wasn’t such a great thing. The English men were jealous that the Jews had accumulated so much wealth so they retaliated the only way they could- with words, insults, and social snubbing. As a result, Rebecca was looked down upon while Rowena was adored by many. While on the topic of their adorers, it would be improper not to discuss the different pressures that they faced due to their social statuses and standings. Due to Rowena’s Christian- Saxon heritage her father wanted her to marry Athelstane so that they could carry on the strong Saxon line. On the other hand, Rebecca wasn’t pressured to marry anyone. In actual fact she did not start off with any pursuers because nobody necessarily wanted to marry a Jew; even a wealthy one. During this time women had little to no say in whom they married or what their occupations were. I was based more off of who you were and where in society your class stood. Women especially had even less rights if they were in the lower class but in this case it is reversed. Rebecca was able to pursue her passion of medicine and later go on to heal Ivanhoe. Rowena would not have been able to pursue such a manly occupation, not when she was supposed to be of a noble and higher class. Similarly though, the two women of the book in their own ways are heroines in the book. A heroine has many characteristics that the two women displayed. Rowena for example showed dignity, modesty, and strength. She showed modesty when she met Rebecca at the end of the novel and though she  knew the way that Rebecca felt about Ivanhoe she didn’t gloat or mock her instead she consoled her. She displayed true heroine characteristics. I like to think there are two types of strengths: physical strength and emotional strength. Most women have the latter. I believe emotional strength is harder to acquire than physical strength because it’s not something that you can go the gym and get after a few weeks of training. On this note I would like to discuss the emotional strength of Rowena. I also believe that Rebecca is a heroine because she was the tragedy of the novel. She had to walk away from the man she loved because she knew that it was not going to go anywhere due to their social standings. The kind of strength needed to comprehend that even though you are in love you can never act on it is one that I envy because it’s so admirable. She’s also an admirable heroine because when Rebecca goes to Rowena who’s still wearing her wedding dress Rebecca gives her rival- the women who gets to live happily ever after with the man that she loves- a gift. And this was not just any ordinary gift; it was a box of jewels. Again the emotional strength that Rebecca shows is covetous. In conclusion, Rebecca and Rowena are both women from two different classes, social standings, and completely different religions. However, we find that even with their differences they are still women plagued with things that two people in their polar circumstances face. They are both sought after and almost defiled by men who they are not betrothed to. They also fall in love which almost every women can contest they have felt once in their lifetime. So really apart from their differences they really are very much the same.

Dimensions of brand personality or characteristics Essay

As shown in the figure above, the dimensions of brand characteristics include sincerity, competence, excitement, ruggedness and sophistication of the products or services. In this regard, the dimensions can be sued for operationalising the dimensions of the characteristics of the brand structure. Different studies have shown that the characteristic of a specific brand reveals their best characteristic that outperforms their rival brands (Kapferer, 1997). The distinctive brand characteristic provides the brand the ability to be exploited as a channel for self-expression, self-appraisals and self-definition for clients (Karande, Zinkhan & Lum, 1997). In addition, brand characteristic is a context linked with the multidimensional image of a specific brand (Keller, 1993). These imply that the characteristic of the brand will lead to brand image. The brand personality dimensions can be sued evaluate or measure various brand images. It is noted that the brand personality dimension is a well researched context to determine whether the brands is strong and effective (Austin et al, 2003, Phau & Lau, 2000). The most direct and simplest manner which has been recommended in measuring the strength and effectiveness of the brand image is to solicit responses to different questions which pertains to a specific human traits (Keller, 2003). As mentioned above, one of the questions that should be answered in this paper is to determine the characteristics of a strong and effective brand. Different scholars have been able to establish some points to distinguish strong and effective brands. It can be said that a specific brand is strong and effective if such brand have the ability to influence the consumer purchase behaviour. According to Keller (1993), a brand is strong and effective if it has a significant impact on the purchase behaviour and decision making of the target market. In addition, strong brand is a brand which has the ability to retain on the memory and consciousness of the clients associated with their purchasing decision making. Based on the brand concept of a target market, Dobni (1990) regarded brand image as the subjective consciousness phenomenon. Dobni (1990) have realized that it is not easy to understand how brand can retain on the memory and consciousness of the consumer but brand which has a strong image is forming through the reason and perceptual connotation of the consumer. Furthermore, since the image of the brand does not physically exist in the products as well as in the entity, it is mentioned that a strong and effective brand has the ability to influenced and meld by its brand’s declaration of specialties of their content and by the individuals who accept the image throughout the purchase process. Hence, it is more essential consider the image of the brand than the consciousness appeared of fact to know whether the brand is strong and effective. In the explanation made by Aaker (1991), he mentioned that the brand is typically linked with the company in a meaningful manners and its strength and effectiveness is reflected to different attitude of characteristics include the performance of the product, compare price, the interests of the customers, the behaviour of the clients, famous person/s, personality and life style, their competitors, product category, and others. Each of these characteristics has a different degree of intensity to influence the strengths and effectiveness of the brand image. In addition, it can also be noted that strength and effectiveness of brand image of the products or services offered by the company can also bee attributed with the associated brand name to ensure that the clients will purchase the products or services. The characteristics of a strong and effective brand can be divided to flexibility of the materials, the tangible and intangible feelings of the consumer and others. A strong and effective brand is also considered as the one which has the ability to determine the products and services taken on their brands. It can be said that one of the characteristics of a strong and effective brand has the ability to appeal to its target market, and has the ability to become memorable among customers. Furthermore, a strong and effective brand also offers a unique image which separates it from other competing products or services. It can be noted that a company with a strong brand enables a specific service or product to distinguish itself from its rivals. From the study conducted in which 101 companies have been surveyed, the participants of the study revealed that having a strong and effective brand are indeed important to the success of the company and products, specifically new launches (Kohli & McBahn 1997). In addition, it is said that strong and effective brand has the ability to make statements to other audience. Having a strong and effective brand enables the company to have a short-hand communication of what the organisation is and what it offers. Strong and effective brand create social acceptance and instant mutual recognition among their clients. By having a strong and effective brand image, organisations can have the ability to relay to relay to the clients their intended market expression for the products or services they offer. Most likely, target market tends to buy strong and quality or effective branded products and as time go by, this branding change use-value with image value. Furthermore, it can be said that the key component of a strong brand is based on the initiation of an integrated approach in which industries are able to convey what they can offer relative to the competition, do what they are offering to the market and confirm it through consistent practice (Cai & Hobson, 2004). Accordingly, having a strong and effective brand and image to attain competitive advantage in the global market and to sustain its strengths and effectiveness, the management of the company must be able to give value to the capabilities of the brand (Nguyen and LeBlanc (2001). In an organisation, having a strong brand is attributed to having quality products or services. In this regard, the company must be able to provide a pleasant experience for target market to establish a strong and competitive brand image which may lead to their competitive advantage. It is said that the strength of the brand can be established once the company is able to consistently provide the target market quality products and services. In a study conducted by Kim, Kim, and An (2003), they have stressed that a strong and effective brand image has the ability to meet the specific needs of the consumer and achieved consumer-based brand equity. Strong and effective brand image has the ability to influence the development of customer base of each of the company as well as the consequent enhancement in brand’s financial performance. One of the significant characteristics of a strong brand has the ability to meet the viewpoint of the clients. Furthermore, a strong brand and effective brand has the ability to convey and update their information on the current trends in market demand and has the ability to formulate a strategy to sustain its strengths and effectiveness through customer satisfaction. Strong brand has the ability to provide total customer satisfaction which was developed within the company from knowing that most of the target markets are trying to find products which have been used by other people based on its name alone. Another characteristic of a strong and effective brand is its ability to reach the feelings that clients and other establishments have about the company with regards to the evaluation and assessment of other competing brands. In doing so, the management or the company handling the brands must be able to reach the clients through marketing activities like advertising and promotions. Having a strong and effective image means that the brand has the ability to maintain and sustain their competitive advantage. These brands has the ability to maintain such image in the marketplace since a negative change for a brand name may decrease in target market and consequently of revenue. It is said that it takes twice as hard to rebuild a good and effective brand image rather than initially building it.