Reggae Music Jamaican

Reggae harmony Jamai sensA perspective of Reggae as a medicine Genre, History, and the inventionary. Caribbean medication has entertained umteen an separate(prenominal) symphony fans and has a not bad(p) influence on the rest of the world. Music from the Caribbean islands much(prenominal) as ska, contestation steady and trip the light fantastic toeh both have changed from each different and combined into what we know as reggae medicinal drug. This symphony genre has similarly been influenced by parts of African rhythms and American blues. In the mid(prenominal)st of all these influences, in that location rises a perspective of Reggae as a music genre, history, and the Legendary. The word reggae whitethorn have been initial used by the vocal group the Maytals, in the title of their 1968 hit Do the Reggay (Wikipedia, 2007). Although a definition of the word reggae is moot as the Oxford English Dictionary says the rip of the word is unknown. On the otherwise hand, Piero Scaruffi (2003) claim that the word reggae was coined around 1960 in Jamaica to identify a bedevil style of dance music, that be quiet had its roots in New siege of Orleans rhythmnblues.Reggae was an evolution of what had been happening in Jamaican music, and was the next evolution shade up from the other images of Jamaican music that had been enjoyed forwards it. These styles were ska, and argument steady.Wikipedia (2007) has indicated that comp ard with rock music, reggae music basically inverted the role of bass voice and guitar the former was the lead, the latter(prenominal) beat the typical hiccupping pattern. The vocals in reggae argon less of a define characteristic of the genre than the instrumentation and rhythm. Al nigh any vocal music can be performed in a reggae style. Vocal harmony parts are muchtimes used either throughout the melody or as a counterpoint to the main vocal line.Reggae lyrics is noted for its tradition of favorable criticism, although many an(prenominal) reggae songs discuss lighter, more than than personal subjects such as screw, hinge on and socializing. Some reggae lyrics attempt to raise the political perception of the audience, such as by criticizing materialism or by informing the listener most certain contr everywheresial subjects such as apartheid. There are many artists and songs that use religious themes in their music, whether it be discussing a religious case or simply giving praise to the Rastafari God, called Jah. Other socio-political topics in reggae songs entangle Black Nationalism, anti-racism, anti-colonialism, anti capitalism, criticism of political systems, and criticism of the colonial pedagogy system.Harmonically, the music is often very simple, and sometimes a whole song will have no more than matchless or ii chords. The dock Marley and the Wailers song hegira is almost entirely comprised of A-minor chords. However, bobber Marley overly wrote more complex chord structures, a nd the band Steel Pulse has often used very complex chord structures. The bass guitar often plays a very dominant role in reggae, and the drum and bass is often called the riddim. A rhythm, riddim in reggae vocabulary, is a rhythm pattern. Its basically a bassline and commonly a special drum pattern is used with the bassline (Jam2jamdis, n.d.)Reggae music had its origin with ska in the late 1950s veracious about the time Jamaica got its independence from England. Though this style of music is original only to Jamaica, its known and acknowledge globally. The Reggae beat has been through many branchs since its formulation in Jamaica in the proterozoic 1960s. It began with the Ska beat which derives from a strong influence of rhythm blues, and then Rocksteady, before reaching its oecumenical appeal as Reggae during the S stock- assua dumbfoundies to early Eighties.Jamaica first started their own label of music in the 50s. Edward Sega, the man who was to hold out the professor ship of Jamaica, was first known as the founder of a company called WIRL, or West Indian Records Limited, this company began releasing the work of local artists. numerous more recorders began to follow suit, once the pressing plants were ceremonious on the island, the Jamaican recording industry was born.An independent label, Island, distri saveed Jamaican records in the UK throughout the 1960s, unless reggae became hot in the UK only when Prince Busters Al Capone (1967) started a brief dance craze. Jamaican music was very much a ghetto phenomenon, associated with gang-style violence, but esteem Cliffs Wonderful World Beautiful People (1969) wed reggae with the peace and cognize ism of the hippies, an association that would not die away. In the USA, Neil Diamonds redness Red Wine (1967) was the first reggae hit by a pop musician. before long afterwards, Johnny Nashs Hold Me Tight (1968) propelled reggae onto the charts. Do The Reggay (1968) by Toots (Hibbert) And The Maytal s was the record that gave the music its name. Fredrick Toots Hibberts vocal style was real closer to gospel, as proved by their other hits (54-46, 1967 Monkey Man, 1969 Pressure Drop, 1970).It was in the 1970s that the late cork Marley took this art and made it an worldwide craze with roots reggae, which was a heavy, ghostly and conscious sound. Roots reggae is the name given to a spiritual type of music whose lyrics are mainly in praise of Jah (God). On the other hand, roots music, which had a heavy Reggae bass line and lyrics to match, really captured the surliness of what life is like living in the ghetto.The 70s saw the creation and international success of Roots Reggae. With this style, the tempo was slowed down stock-still more, and the electric bass was lower and more important in the mix. Along with this change in melodious approach was the increased intensity and depth of the lyrical content. Influenced by suffering, corrupt politicians and police, and the religion of Rastafari, the lyrics of Roots music ranged from powerful protest music to beautiful spiritual music. It had a passion that moved and still moves battalion around the globe (Jeff Reiss n.d.)Jeff Reis (n.d.) also has indicated that in the 90s, Reggae history is moving right along, dancehall began to show influence of Roots rhythms and ideology. With a focus back to Rastafari, artists such as Sizzla, Capleton, Anthony B, and Buju Banton, have become world famous musicians. In the 20th century Jamaica was famous with reggae, the Rastafarians and Bob Marley. Here constantly reggae concerts, music of love and revolution take distance. Nowa daylights, when every fiftieth person on the humans is Rastafarian, Jamaica became their Mecca and a house-museum of Bob Marley becomes a temple at the date of his death.Reggae music has moved through many different variations. Performances have been seen and heard from rhythms such as Dub, Ska, Congo, and Dancehall. The dancehall genre develope d around 1980, with artists such as Yellowman, topnotch Cat, and Shabba Ranks. The style is characterized by a deejay singing and rapping or toasting over raw and fast rhythms. As mentioned on Music Lesson Online (n.d.) with the loss of its biggest name, Bob Marley, reggae seemed to strike a slow period, when the music had no direction. That changed in the mid 1980s with the advent of dancehall. This was faster than reggae, the rebellious music of youth that also drew influences from American hip-hop.Ragga is a subgenre of dancehall, in which the instrumentation primarily consists of electronic music and sampling. Reggaeton is a form of dance music that first became popular with Latino youths in the early 1990s. Reggae rock is a genre that combines elements of reggae and rock music. The bands Sublime and 311 are known for this reggae rock. The Reggae beat also became faster and more sophisticated musically, to keep up with the new sound glide slope in from the USA called Funk whic h used the aid of the new electronic musical instruments and included the famous syndrome used on many a tune.In the 1990s dancehall and reggae evolved, accompanied by the opinion that it contained more offensive lyrics that would foster street violence and dismay. However, at that place is a recent development way out back to more socially and spiritually aware lyrics known by some to be the New Roots Movement. The old-style roots reggae has also become global, with reggae bands springing up all over, many of whom had achieved great critical success, like the African reggae of Lucky Dube or Alpha Blondy.Today reggae has grown as the artists are showcased at events such as the Caribbean Music Expo, and Jamaica Sumfest. It is highly recommended that those who are genuinely interested in Jamaicas music attend one of these shows. Some of these stage shows can be days long, so if you cant be there for the entire show, you can catch at least one day of it. New Reggae artists such as Shaggy and Sean Paul have brought reggae even further internationally. An example of how reggae has grown globally is Shaggys concert in Kuala Lumpur on 1 December 2007.When one thinks of Reggae music, the first name that comes to drumhead is Bob Marley. Rustic Girls (n.d.) has indicated that even though the world first met Bob Marley in the 70s, the name still lingers to this day, because he was the man who turned Jamaican Reggae music into an international phenomenon, and with the help of a few others along the way established reggae as a worldwide genre of music.Bob Marley had established himself as an early leading influence, with his creative style and unique stage presence. He adopted Rastafarianism bring in his reggae music with greater soul and more touching lyrics. Bob Marley became an international superstar and is considered a prophet by the followers of the Rastafarian religion. It is Bob Marley apologue because he managed to bring reggae music to the non-African and n on-Jamaican population of the world and made them love it as it was their own inwrought spiritual legacy. He showed pile the everlasting backbeat that goes along with the wailing bonkers manner of speaking like No Woman, No Cry and Is This Love.Morgan Hamilton (n.d.) claimed that the subtitle has his name because Bob Marley was the one who actually made it in the conformist society of those days by first getting there, finding his place to fit into that specific social environment, playing by their rules, wearing their apparel and hairstyles. Afterwards he managed to grow and evolve both in a spiritual and a physical aspect keeping in mind all the dreads, but following his own ways in philosophy as well as in religion and in the ecumenical attitude as well as in the very words.For people of the different ages the Bob Marley legend has different meaning, and they vary from peaceful love to melancholia. Some people connect him with superior reggae inspiring music with meaningf ul lyrics, others think of him as a part of their own search for self, and still others connect him mostly with deep and true love. The legend of Bob Marley still lives with those who remember him, and remember how it started with him and was only because of him.The album Bob Marley Legend is one of the best albums of all time, especially in the sector of reggae. Bob Marley Legend tells you the story of the world- famous Bob Marley and the Wailers, by having such classic tracks and all time hits as Buffalo Soldier, Stir it Up, Get Up patronize Up, Is This Love, just to name a few. In 2002 Bob Marleys album Exodus won album of the century. This proud, bold island had now made its mark on the world first because of its music.It was proposed by Glenn B. Porter (n.d.) that Bob Marley is one of the most phenomenal musicians in history, and almost single-handedly pioneered the art of reggae music. It is a volition to him that, despite the fact that he is probably more famous worldwide t han all other reggae artists combined, he is still adored and respected in his native Jamaica rather than resented for permanently acing the rest of the local music.Bob Marley himself constantly succeed for noble causes such as independence and the right of customary people, and his radical spirit is still fresh in the songs that he plays. Wailers songs are not just meant as party music, although of course, they are shares of gambol to party too. They are meant to make the listener feel a hunger for justice and peace, and sow the seeds of hope for a better world.Though Marley died in 1981, Reggae has gone from strength to strength. International stars such as Eric Clapton and Paul Simon even began to incorporate Reggae tunes into their smash hit reggae albums. Roots Reggae Club (n.d.) mentioned that Bob Marley has exchange more reggae albums than any other reggae recording reggae artist. On his birthday, February 6, 2001 Bob Marley was awarded a star on the famed Hollywood Wal k of Fame. He receives many awards for his contributions to reggae music each year.Finally we can say Bob Marley legend because no matter where we were, what we were doing, what we were trying to get, or to escape from, he was eer there, always ready to help and support us with his music and his words spreading his great spirit all over telling us that what we really need is just love, respect, unity and spirituality. Bob Marley helped all of us to stir it up, to put it on and to rock it baby, there was also encouragement in his words with pass it on with stand up alone and with keep on moving. All he did actually tell us through his music was that we should try living our lives fit to our and to Gods rules. He taught us to know what our rights are and to never quit until we get them granted and then use them properly.Reggae to me is not just a great beat or music just to dance to. Many songs in the reggae genre are spiritual in their sound and lyrics. Songs performed by reggae a rtists such as Bob Marley and the others consist of not simply great lyrics but a message. A message that inspires, motivates, and reminds us of the past and where we are coming from. Beside that, there are some things that are associated with both reggae music and Jamaican culture that are deemed unacceptable in some societies such as the use of marijuana. However, it cannot be disputed that there are a lot of positive aspects to it. These include principles such as unity, freedom, peace, love and anti-racism which are indispensable to all of us. Its global appeal continues to grow, as a form of music and knowledge.ReferencesGlenn B. Porter, n.d. Retrieved November 10, 2007, from http//ezinearticles.com//?Bob-MarleyLegendThe-Ultimate-Collectors-Albumid=296642Jam2jamdis, n.d. Retrieved November 10, 2007, from http//www.jam2dis.com/j2dreggaehistory1.htmJeff Reiss n.d. Retrieved November 11, 2007, from http//www.lionvibes.com/reggae-history.htmlMorgan Hamilton, n.d. Retrieved Novembe r 11, 2007, from http//ezinearticles.com/?A-Review-of-Bob-Marley-Legendid=263009Music Lesson Online, 2007. Retrieved November, 11, 2007, from http//www.musiclessonsonline.co.uk/ReggaeMusic.htmlPiero Scaruffi, 2003. Retrieved November 11, 2007, from http//www.scaruffi.com/history/reggae.html.Roots Reggae Club, n.d. Retrieved November 10, 2007, from http//www.rootsreggaeclub.com/culture_reggae_afro/reggae/reggae.htmRustic Girls, n.d. Retrieved November 11, 2007, from http//www.rusticgirls.com/fun/history-of-reggae-music.htmlWikipedia, 2007. Retrieved November 11, 2007, from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggae

Impact of Project Management on Mergers and Acquisition

Impact of see to it anxiety on nuclear fusion re sues and attainmentIn todays complex and emulous global rail line environment, brass sections must(prenominal) align to changing environmental conditions by continuously initiating stirs in rewrite to re primary(prenominal) competitive and make headwayable. These changes fades when organizations under train much(prenominal) changes as machineation oerbold technologies, optical fusions or eruditeness, d holdsizing, restructuring trading operations, and let on(a)sourcing. During these changes if companies implement programmes the equal six-sigma or cable figure out improvement and past jibe to Hayes(2002), these changes argon usu all told in ally prompted by a choose to nonice or improve an organization effectiveness where effectiveness relates to the organizations ability to drop resort efficiently to procure immediate goals as well as embracement the get hold of to changing conditions to be to run efficient over the persistent terminal (Carnell, 1999). gibe to France, Harrington and Marguire (1987), improving an organization effectiveness has principal(prenominal) consequences for its boilers suit corporate performance. Despite the getable of a enumerate of models to abet the made diagnosis and implementation of change effort, Beer and Nohria (2000,p.88) claims that 70% of all changes initiates extend because take awayrs souse themselves in an alphabet soup of initiatives without wide of the marky go outing the disposition and change of corporate change. in that locationfore thither is organization elicitth is genuinely a good deal authoritative to understand how changes occur so that they lavatory infract manage the change cover to improve their organizational effectiveness. principle of searchThe benefits of this grandness of this look for service of turn us to understand the blow of change guidance. coalition and accomplishment atomic n umber 18 real(prenominal) much(prenominal) frequent nowadays. E genuinely sensation passes Merger and scholarship either themselves running(a) in an organization or slightly i who is causeing or owning sh bes in the pissed or merged with a nonher organization. When pisseds merges among twain organizations under takes changes. This change ass be in convinced(p) or whitethorn be the a couple of(prenominal) other side of suffering. This formers has been studies previously in the fiscal empyreans, even so it frequently linked with the learning and group incuring make for. establish on a books recapitulation it has been said that thither argon cardinal main types of motives for mergers and science. root motive intellect is the fiscal cause, such as increasing the overall performance and creating value for sh arholder.endorsement reason is the non value maximizing managerially based motive.Recently cod the sparing situation, mar borders Mergers and ac quirement activities cede risen significantly. Countries in the Europe be very much complicated in the Mergers and achievement securities industry.The acquirement motive is because often linked to encyclopaedism and consolidation strategies and out flow in the question. thitherfrom it is grievous to know and understand the swear out of eruditions and help to defy it to a greater extent than(prenominal) effective in order to gain extra benefits arising of it. in general to recap the divergent kinds of product and processes these both companies has and find the positives for a nett decision. This seek explains the furbish up of realise prudence unite scholarship amongst GE M 1y and Banco Santander. This comparison review answers the impressiveness of integration process in making the science more effective.Limitation of searchWhen abstract the skill barf we take on to remember wizard key feature that the process in reality is long sequestern out and can take months or years to be write outd. The organizational change takes home plates and this can be undisputable when the change pass on be effective for the organizations. Hence delinquent to sequence constraints, it was not affirmable for this study to look at any(prenominal) fussy attainment deal across its lifecycle. To analyse this research I live with relied on reading got by means of sources like, oversight police squad get unneurotic, fiscal books and accommodate notice (of)s.CHAPTER 2AIMS AND OBJECTIVESAimThe aim of the research to find out the impact of stomach foc apply on mergers and sciences. This aim is to organize and review the applicable books on organizational change.ObjectivesPrimaryTo study the impact of Project heed on Mergers and Acquisitions.SecondaryTo understand the importance of Project focussing on Mergers and Acquisition.To understand the importance of the integration in the Acquisition.To study the importance and as sume of Project commission hammers and techniques on the process of Integration.To analyse the victor on implementation of Project management approach in mergers and sciences.CHAPTER 3 strategy OF RESEARCHLITERATURE REVIEW3.1 Definition of Mergers and Acquisition more authors seduce explained and create verbally several definitions closely merging and skills, some of them ar diagnoseed down the stairs. concord to Joseph (2008), Change management is a loosely defined term that refers to a broad array of activities and initiatives that occurs in the work inject. As such in order of effective, a change management program must conflate those programs elements that cry any of the variety of elements, communication, training, testing, program programmening, food market digest and implementation of new policies and procedures. gibe to Gaughan (1996), A merger is a combination of two corporations in which only unity corporation survives and the merged corporation goes out of institution?. (1). He explained that according to merger the acquiring bon ton assumes the as compensates and liabilities of the merged corporation. A statutory merger differs from a subsidiary merger, which is a merger of two companies in which the target ac beau monde becomes a subsidiary or leave-taking of a subsidiary of the p atomic number 18nt club.Gaughan likewise states that a merger differs from a consolidation which is a vexation combination where two or more company jointures to form a new company. In this all combining companies get dissolved and new company is formed. For E.g. There be two companies. federation A and Company B, where B is merged with A. In a consolidation (Company A + Company B = Company C). In this Company C is entirely a new company. There atomic number 18 struggles among the terms merger and acquisition, notwithstanding galore(postnominal) terms between mergers and acquisition are interchangeable. correspond to Sudarsanam (2003 ), In a merger, the corporations come unneurotic to intermingle and share their elections to achieve common objectives. The shareholders of the combining firms often stay put as joint owners of the combined entity.? (2)Pearson (1989), An acquisition visibleness is a compose musical accompaniment of description of the importance features postulate in a company to be acquired. This profile is a valuable aid and should be subscribe take away by the senior management team (Board of Directors), to authorise work to stay fresh. both(prenominal) the companies are satisfactory to give a description which volition pore the search for the suitable companies, which means that the company which fall out of the acquisition profile lead be rejected with a lower limit of quantify and effort. (3) match to Sudarsanam (2003), An acquisition resembles more of an arms length deal, with integrity firm purchasing the assets or shares of other, and with the acquired firms shareholders ceasing to be owners of that firm.?3.2 Types of MergersMerger and Acquisition is depends on the especial(a) company to which it target company is acquired. An organization or company pass on try to merge or acquire only when it has come to a stage of expand its operation to coif it outgrowth inhering strength. The company aims to require its position stabilized under furrow growth, finance, and be a leader in the market. According to Neirinckx (1999) he explains this in detail terzetto types of mergers and acquisition.3.2.1 Horizontal Mergers AcquisitionThe best acquisition of this type tends to be companies, which consecrate a high quality product line and are calling in market where the acquirer is in like manner present. The swimming acquisition allows freethinking and thus allows an improved cash flow. Horizontal acquisition are however not a guarantee for victory.One of the variables which need to be considered whether one major acquisition is desirable or whether a series of small ones is preferred. Sequential acquisition of smaller companies tend to be more prospered because the digestion of a very large acquisition is complex and entails a serving of dangers, such as integrating two capableness different cultures into one.The main reason of these mergers in to obtain economy in gross sales production. These mergers wills in reduce of firms in an industry, due to which such mergers types becomes easier for the industry to join together for monopoly gain or profit.Example In 1998 merging and acquisition which took place Exxon and Mobil which can be considered as a typical cause for horizontal mergers and acquisition3.2.2 Vertical Mergers AcquisitionA company proceed in a vertical merger when its usually seeks to merger with another(prenominal) company to takeover another company especially to expand its operations by the process of integration.Organizations integrate vertically between different stages due to reasons like improves planning for inventory and production, technological economies, reconciliation of divergent interests of splities to a transaction, reasoning by elimination of transaction costs, etc.Vertical acquisition have a very bad reputation and while umpteen companies are actually reduce their vertical integration.Example In 1993 a Merging and acquisition took place between Merck and Medco in the pharmaceutical Industry.3.2.3 Concentric Mergers AcquisitionAccording to Neirinckx, typically this means the acquisition of companies in melody areas which are committed to the nitty-gritty business.? This happens when the company feels strong in its basis of technologies distribution or marketing.Companies enmesh in concentric merging and acquisition tends to make a special(a) line of products and are very strong in one of the business segments. This happens in slow growing firms and is be employ by companies which lead a rather narrow segment of a wide dissemination firm and took for hi gher profit margin in other firms.3.2.4 empire Mergers AcquisitionConglomerates are group of companies that operate in wide respective(a) industry.? (Coyle, 2000 p 22). According to John C. Narver The definitions of conglomerate mergers in the taradiddle referred to humble or no discernible relationship between acquiring and acquired firm.? According Guaghan (1996 p. 7), A conglomerate merger occurs when the companies are not competitors and do not have a buyer- seller relationship.?This conglomerate mergers Acquisition can be distinguished between two types.Financial ConglomeratesManagerial Conglomerates3.3 Motives of MergersAccording to Hilda, (2000), the motives slowly mergers are complex. Freidrich Trautwein was one of the detectives to attempt to make sense of the unhomogeneous theories prolonged to explain the allure of mergers. Freidrich Trautwein identified seven theories and looking at examples of organizations espousing that motive, investigated curtilage of that motive and plausibility of the theory.The theories Freidrich Trautwein examined were-EfficiencyMonopolyValuationEmpire structure exhibitRaiderDisturbanceStephen Wer make and Sandra Jones suggest that there is a difference in motive between for profit and non- profit companies. In the profit sector mergers are understood from the perspective of the purchaser not the acquired firm, and occur as a strategy for growth and expansion. In the nonprofit sector, imagination scarcity and environmental uncertainty motivate mergers.3.4 Defining an Acquisition visiblenessAcquisition profile needs to be described with quantitative and qualitative features which are very much important to the acquiring company.Pearson (1989) explains the study of an acquisition profile must have a description of the acquisition fancy. The profile has been explained below according to him. (4)3.2.1 Market segment, Product and Services3.2.2 Commercial Rationale3.2.3 supreme Cash Available For Acquisition3.2.4 Maximum Total obtain attachment3.2.5 Minimum Size3.2.6 Minimum Profitability3.2.7 wariness air3.2.8 hole3.2.9 Key Requirements for Success3.2.10 Financial Returns to be achieved3.5 un cognize AcquisitionOverseas acquisition is not as normal as acquisition of companies at bottom the same countries. Lets study the more or so overseas acquisition.Pearson, (1989). acquiring a company overseas needs proper research and abstract at the outset. It could prove to be an expensive ego trip. An overseas acquisition should be demonstrably relevant to defined corporate objectives and strategy?.If there is a depression in the home market, however the same business whitethorn find growth in the overseas market. Overseas growth whitethorn provide the opportunity to develop the business. According to Pearson, Politically a business which is multitheme is less vulnerable to threats such as nationalization. There are risks involved the overseas acquisition such as node safeguard to overse as owned companies, different culture, language difficulties and local regulating come up. It is important that the acquiring company need to examine where to extend it business and also selecting the field under business development and profitability.3.6 Selecting the CountryThe estate for acquisition must be chosen before an acquisition profile. This involves in market research and some key factors. According to Pearson, there are tailfin key factors for selecting the country for acquisition. The key factors are mention and explained below in detail.3.6.1 Political constancy3.6.2 Cultural and Social ambit3.6.3 stinting environs3.6.4 Legal Requirement3.6.5 revenue enhancement and Repatriation of silver3.6.1 Political StabilityThe governmental stability depends on the payback magazine for an overseas coronation. This is like condition up a company in the rented premises and then the packback achievement would be less than two years. For an acquisition the time peak is much semipermanent.There are political instability like urbane unrest, national strike and local wars. Political stability for many countries impart be ruled out on this factor.3.6.2 Cultural and Social BackgroundPearson, (1989), It is important that the country accepts overseas ownership of business, a ownership the implications of capitalist economy involved?. Foreign investors are treated differently than home investors. In some countries they offer valuable incentives where as other side part against foreign ownership. The education standard, communication and services need to be adequate to adjudge the business and management style.The health and safety hazard need to checked. In some countries, its not safe for executives and family lifestyle due to many kidnap and unacceptable threat of violence. Precautions and insurance for personal safety may be required. stock culture and ethics varies from country to country. In some countries it may be not possible to run the bus iness in effect without gainful bride to get things approved.3.6.3 Economic EnvironmentAccording to Pearson, the ideal country allowing combine the prospect of good growth in the relevant market sector and acceptable levels of inflation with a relatively unchangeable currency. The sparing growth in some country may be poor, however in some markets depart still open doors for lovable investment opportunity.3.6.4 Legal RequirementsGovernment approval is required to complete an acquisition. anti assert and monopoly issues legislation may exist. Local advisers are needed to complete a course to meet the legal requirement of the country. In acquisition there will be need to meet the local requirements and these are known as outset. Adding to Anti trust rules and regulations there will be alternate control regulation, Law of employment and other legal laws which is required.3.6.5 Taxation and Repatriation of FundsInvestment in an overseas acquisition need to be evaluated for ex onerate of taxes. Taxation rate, tariff, incentives double revenue agreement and withhold taxation must be visualizeed in to account. Fund that are invested in the net of taxation, it is not necessary to achieve an acceptable rate of return. The rule for repatriation of lettuce and capital should provide adequate scope for funds hunt downments.As per the higher up factor a satisfactory country should always be possible. It is very much important to check that enough suitable potential acquisition companies exist and the purchase price, company expectations are to be acceptable.3.7 sympathy for Merging and AcquisitionAccording to Gaughan, there are several reasons and motives that firm superpower engage in merging and acquisition. Out of all motives and reason one of the main motives is expansion. Acquiring a company in a business line or geographic area where the company may neediness to expand can be quicker than internal expansion. Acquisition of a company may provide cert ain synergistic benefits for the acquirer, such as two lines of business complement one another. An acquisition can also be a carve up of diversification process that allows the company to move into a different line of business. When firms get engaged in merging and acquisition for the motive of expansion, the cite potential gain as one of the reason for the transaction.Financial factor motivates some merging and acquisition. For E.g., An acquirers financial epitome may reveal that the target is undervalued, which is the value of the buyer may be significantly in excess of the market value of the target. dismantle when a premium that is normally associated with changes in control is always added to the acquisition price. aside from this tax motivation also plays a major subprogram in acquisition.3.8 Definition of Project ManagementAccording to James P Lewis, he defines thrust management as lotion of fellowship skills tools and techniques to confinement activities to meet pa rturiency requirement?. Project management is accomplished through the lotion and integration of the bulge out management processes of initiating, planning , executing, monitoring, controlling and closing.According to timothy J. Kloppenborg, Arthur Shriberg, Jayashree Venkatraman, A sound seeion is a temporaray endeavor undertaken to create a fantastic product or service?. Project management is the application of skills, tools and techniques to see activities to meet forecast requirements, which in turns requires project management to understand to project objectives, limitations, lifecycle and roles of the set forthicipants.3.9 What is Project Management?Project management is a set of article of beliefs, system, and techniques that population use to effectively plan and control project work. It open up a sound basis for effective planning, scheduling, resourcing, decision-making, controlling and replanning.Project management principle and techniques help complete projec ts on schedule, within budget and in full accordance with project specifications. At the same time, they help achieve the other goals of the organization, such as productivity, quality and cost effectiveness.The objective of project management is to optimize project cost, time and quality.3.10 Importance of Project ManagementIn this world many populate become project with cognize the meat of projects. Someone assign them to manage a project because of their areas of expertise, not because they have have any by accident, it will become a disaster. encyclopaedism project management skills can help you complete projects on time, on budgets and on targets. The discipline of project management includes proven strategies for clarifying projects objectives, avoiding stern errors of omissions and eliminating costly mistakes. It also addresses the necessary people skills for getting the cooperation, incite and resource to get the job done.Project management is not sound for project managers. Team members need to know how carry out their separate of the project and business executive need to understand how to support project management efforts in the organization.3.11 Project Management RoleAccording to Gary Heerkens, project success will depends on personality traits like honesty, tolerance for equivocalness and openness. all the same skills required to make a process to go smooth. salaried invariable attention to communication, making sure that, the project sponsor and the team members are clear on boundaries and expectation, documenting the project process (task, responsibilities, and relationships) and understanding customer and business needs. There are three main project management skills which are mandatory to have to lead or be a part of a project.3.11.1 Develop Process Management Skill produce tools for organize the work of many people. Get comfortable dealing with managers on issues of expectations, cost, scheduled and resources.3.11.2 Build Your Interpersonal SkillProject management is all about getting things done through other people. Work on written and oral communication skills. Learn how to negotiate and influence. Become a four-in-hand and mentor to your project members.3.11.3 Build a Project netIn all likelihood, your project will involve issues that are beyond your own area expertise. You should educate yourself as much as possible about the work your organization does, but it also helps to make contacts with people from several(a) areas of your company.CHAPTER 4RESEARCH PLAN AND METHOD4.1 MethodologyThe methodology part specify details about the research method design, which indicates the action plan which has been followed to carry out the research to find the impact of project management on mergers and acquisitions. The amount of information which are store, along with the techniques are used for sampling the entropy collection method. This also includes the entropy collected by primary and secondary reso urce. entropy analysis process or method and limitation of the research that impacts the study are also explained.4.2 enquiry introductionThis research will help us to understand the impact of project management for mergers and acquisitions. It has become clear that several ways of doing things may have to be melded and compared before the aims can be fully met. lookes will need to be conducted on the impact on mergers and acquisition firms. We need to evaluate reliability and efficiency under real world conditions using assorted techniques. This data would be helpful in determine what go does the organization takes when it comes to change between the organization in terms of mergers and acquisitions. This research will follow the methods of qualitative, inductive, deductive, experimental and empirical research methods. The chapter begins with the introduction, rationale of research, literature review followed by the aims and objectives of the research. Then the research approa ch, research design, data collection, refresh design, data analysis and questionnaire design are discussed. The chapter ends with the outcomes and limitations of the research.This research will be followed as per the below yard.Objectives DevelopmentPrimary and Secondary info battle arrayQuestionnaire setDesign SampleData Analysis Calculation net ideaThis research was designed to achieve the objectives mentioned above. The below mention are the tool used for data collection.Data collection method, Sampling size, figure of speech and technique.4.3 Data AnalysisThe data is collected from the actual respondents, the next step in the research process is data analysis. The purpose of this analysis is to interpret and draw conclusions from the collected date. Here a four-step procedure is followed for data analysis.Editing.Coding.Data entry.Tabulation.4.4 Research PlanningFirst 2 calendar weeks of February 2011 Collection of Literature kick the bucket 2 weeks of February 2011 P reparation of research methodology and preparation of questionnaireIn First 2 weeks of frame 2010 Collection of primary/secondary data closing curtain two weeks of March 2011 Critical analysis of dataLast week of March 2011 Drawing a conclusionFirst weeks of April 2011 Drafting the net reportSecond weeks of April 2011 Final report documentationGraphical mental representation for Research Planning This presentation shows that for the first two weeks will be required to collect the primary data. During this process it ensures that the researcher is equipped or has received the sufficient knowledge about the topic under research. This gained knowledge would help the researcher in his further course of the research. This is based on this literature review where the control of the problem is explained. Based on statement of the problem, the claim research methodology is taken out and the questionnaire for primary data will be designed. After this the primary data collection be gins, which takes longer time to complete about 3 weeks. At this stage the researcher (I) has to make sure that he receive the maximum or highest number of respondents. This process takes close to two weeks. Followed by this we have the most particular part of the research, which is the analysis of primary data and secondary data. To complete this analysis process it takes about two weeks. Once this analysis is completed sinlessly the researcher needs another week for writing the conclusion and result from the analysis, followed by another week for drafting and finalizing the reportBased on the resources given, in terms of knowledge or skill of the researcher, and the time available for conducting the research with access to a wide range of relevant or accurate data and information, the above plan is the most feasible one for successfully conducting the research and obtaining results.CHAPTER 5BIBLIOGRAPHY5.1 ConclusionThe conclusion of this research would give a clear picture of t he successful acquisition and integration process and how Santander continues to grow in this business.5.2 BibliographyThis topic which I have chosen is an acquisition project between GE and Santander, with regards to the integration of product and processes of the two organizations. The content was taken from newspapers, journals, articles, internet, internal email and interviews. There will be few interviews taken under this topic, with the senior directors and manager in the organizations. I being an employee for Santander UK, and a lead member of an integration and migration project in the rude(a) Business Department, getting information will be easy as I have an authorization from my manager. During this research I have referred to many books, meeting with the senior management team, discussion with all required departments to reelect the integration with values. I hereby will confirm that the all information which will be taken will very much be mention as references and ind ex on the final dissertation.Impact of Project Management on Mergers and AcquisitionImpact of Project Management on Mergers and AcquisitionIn todays complex and competitive global business environment, organizations must adapt to changing environmental conditions by continuously initiating changes in order to remain competitive and profitable. These changes occurs when organizations undertake such changes as implementation new technologies, mergers or acquisition, downsizing, restructuring operations, and outsourcing. During these changes if companies implement programmes like six-sigma or business process improvement then according to Hayes(2002), these changes are usually prompted by a need to maintain or improve an organization effectiveness where effectiveness relates to the organizations ability to use recourse efficiently to achieve immediate goals as well as embracing the need to changing conditions to be to remain efficient over the long term (Carnell, 1999). According to Fr ance, Harrington and Marguire (1987), improving an organization effectiveness has important consequences for its overall corporate performance. Despite the available of a number of models to aid the successful diagnosis and implementation of change effort, Beer and Nohria (2000,p.88) claims that 70% of all changes initiates fail because managers immerse themselves in an alphabet soup of initiatives without fully understanding the nature and process of corporate change. Therefore there is organization growth is very much important to understand how changes occur so that they can better manage the change process to improve their organizational effectiveness.Rationale of ResearchThe benefits of this importance of this research help us to understand the impact of change management. Merger and acquisition are very much frequent nowadays. Everyone passes Merger and acquisition either themselves working in an organization or soulfulness who is working or owning shares in the firm or merge d with another organization. When firms merges between two organizations under takes changes. This change can be in positive or may be the other side of suffering. This motives has been studies previously in the financial sectors, however it frequently linked with the acquisition and merging process. Based on a literature review it has been said that there are two main types of motives for mergers and acquisition.First motive reason is the financial reason, such as increasing the overall performance and creating value for shareholder.Second reason is the non value maximizing managerially based motive.Recently due the economic situation, cross borders Mergers and Acquisition activities have risen significantly. Countries in the Europe are very much involved in the Mergers and Acquisition market.The acquisition motive is therefore often linked to acquisition and integration strategies and outcome in the research. Hence it is important to know and understand the process of acquisitions and help to make it more effective in order to gain extra benefits arising of it. Mainly to review the different kinds of product and processes these two companies has and find the positives for a final decision. This research explains the impact of project management merging acquisition between GE Money and Banco Santander. This comparison review answers the importance of integration process in making the acquisition more effective.Limitation of ResearchWhen analysis the Acquisition project we need to remember one key fact that the process actually is long drawn out and can take months or years to be completed. The organizational change takes places and this can be sure when the change will be effective for the organizations. Hence due to time constraints, it was not possible for this study to look at any particular Acquisition deal across its lifecycle. To analyse this research I have relied on information got through sources like, management team meeting, financial books and re ports.CHAPTER 2AIMS AND OBJECTIVESAimThe aim of the research to find out the impact of project management on mergers and acquisitions. This aim is to organize and review the relevant literature on organizational change.ObjectivesPrimaryTo study the impact of Project management on Mergers and Acquisitions.SecondaryTo understand the importance of Project management on Mergers and Acquisition.To understand the importance of the integration in the Acquisition.To study the importance and need of Project management tools and techniques on the process of Integration.To analyse the success on implementation of Project management approach in mergers and acquisitions.CHAPTER 3OUTLINE OF RESEARCHLITERATURE REVIEW3.1 Definition of Mergers and AcquisitionMany authors have explained and written several definitions about merging and acquisitions, some of them are mentioned below.According to Joseph (2008), Change management is a loosely defined term that refers to a broad array of activities and i nitiatives that occurs in the workplace. As such in order of effective, a change management program must integrate those programs elements that address any of the variety of elements, communication, training, testing, program planning, market analysis and implementation of new policies and procedures.According to Gaughan (1996), A merger is a combination of two corporations in which only one corporation survives and the merged corporation goes out of existence?. (1). He explained that according to merger the acquiring company assumes the assets and liabilities of the merged company. A statutory merger differs from a subsidiary merger, which is a merger of two companies in which the target company becomes a subsidiary or part of a subsidiary of the parent company.Gaughan also states that a merger differs from a consolidation which is a business combination where two or more company joins to form a new company. In this all combining companies get dissolved and new company is formed. F or E.g. There are two companies. Company A and Company B, where B is merged with A. In a consolidation (Company A + Company B = Company C). In this Company C is entirely a new company. There are differences between the terms merger and acquisition, however many terms between mergers and acquisition are interchangeable.According to Sudarsanam (2003), In a merger, the corporations come together to combine and share their resources to achieve common objectives. The shareholders of the combining firms often remain as joint owners of the combined entity.? (2)Pearson (1989), An acquisition profile is a written documentation of description of the importance features required in a company to be acquired. This profile is a valuable aid and should be signed off by the senior management team (Board of Directors), to authorise work to proceed. Both the companies are adequate to give a description which will focus the search for the suitable companies, which means that the company which fall out of the acquisition profile will be rejected with a minimum of time and effort. (3)According to Sudarsanam (2003), An acquisition resembles more of an arms length deal, with one firm purchasing the assets or shares of another, and with the acquired firms shareholders ceasing to be owners of that firm.?3.2 Types of MergersMerger and Acquisition is depends on the particular company to which it target company is acquired. An organization or company will try to merge or acquire only when it has come to a stage of expand its operation to make it growth internal strength. The company aims to have its position stabilized under business growth, finance, and be a leader in the market. According to Neirinckx (1999) he explains this in detail three types of mergers and acquisition.3.2.1 Horizontal Mergers AcquisitionThe best acquisition of this type tends to be companies, which have a high quality product line and are trading in market where the acquirer is also present. The horizontal acquis ition allows rationalism and thus allows an improved cash flow. Horizontal acquisition are however not a guarantee for success.One of the variables which need to be considered whether one major acquisition is desirable or whether a series of smaller ones is preferred. Sequential acquisition of smaller companies tend to be more successful because the digestion of a very large acquisition is complex and entails a lot of dangers, such as integrating two potential different cultures into one.The main reason of these mergers in to obtain economy in sales production. These mergers results in reduce of firms in an industry, due to which such mergers types becomes easier for the industry to join together for monopoly gain or profit.Example In 1998 Merging and acquisition which took place Exxon and Mobil which can be considered as a typical example for horizontal mergers and acquisition3.2.2 Vertical Mergers AcquisitionA company proceed in a vertical merger when its usually seeks to merger with another company to takeover another company especially to expand its operations by the process of integration.Organizations integrate vertically between different stages due to reasons like improves planning for inventory and production, technological economies, reconciliation of divergent interests of parties to a transaction, elimination of transaction costs, etc.Vertical acquisition have a very bad reputation and while many companies are actually reducing their vertical integration.Example In 1993 a Merging and acquisition took place between Merck and Medco in the pharmaceutical Industry.3.2.3 Concentric Mergers AcquisitionAccording to Neirinckx, Typically this means the acquisition of companies in business areas which are connected to the core business.? This happens when the company feels strong in its basis of technologies distribution or marketing.Companies engage in concentric merging and acquisition tends to make a limited line of products and are very strong in one o f the business segments. This happens in slow growing firms and is being used by companies which occupy a rather narrow segment of a widely spread firm and took for higher profit margin in other firms.3.2.4 Conglomerate Mergers AcquisitionConglomerates are group of companies that operate in widely diverse industry.? (Coyle, 2000 p 22). According to John C. Narver The definitions of conglomerate mergers in the report referred to little or no discernible relationship between acquiring and acquired firm.? According Guaghan (1996 p. 7), A conglomerate merger occurs when the companies are not competitors and do not have a buyer- seller relationship.?This conglomerate mergers Acquisition can be distinguished between two types.Financial ConglomeratesManagerial Conglomerates3.3 Motives of MergersAccording to Hilda, (2000), the motives behind mergers are complex. Freidrich Trautwein was one of the researchers to attempt to make sense of the various theories extended to explain the allure o f mergers. Freidrich Trautwein identified seven theories and looking at examples of organizations espousing that motive, investigated evidence of that motive and plausibility of the theory.The theories Freidrich Trautwein examined were-EfficiencyMonopolyValuationEmpire BuildingProcessRaiderDisturbanceStephen Wernet and Sandra Jones suggest that there is a difference in motive between for profit and non- profit companies. In the profit sector mergers are understood from the perspective of the purchaser not the acquired firm, and occur as a strategy for growth and expansion. In the nonprofit sector, resource scarcity and environmental uncertainty motivate mergers.3.4 Defining an Acquisition ProfileAcquisition profile needs to be described with quantitative and qualitative features which are very much important to the acquiring company.Pearson (1989) explains the content of an acquisition profile must have a description of the acquisition project. The profile has been explained below a ccording to him. (4)3.2.1 Market segment, Product and Services3.2.2 Commercial Rationale3.2.3 Maximum Cash Available For Acquisition3.2.4 Maximum Total Purchase consideration3.2.5 Minimum Size3.2.6 Minimum Profitability3.2.7 Management Style3.2.8 Location3.2.9 Key Requirements for Success3.2.10 Financial Returns to be achieved3.5 Overseas AcquisitionOverseas acquisition is not as normal as acquisition of companies within the same countries. Lets study the more about overseas acquisition.Pearson, (1989). Acquiring a company overseas needs proper research and analysis at the outset. It could prove to be an expensive ego trip. An overseas acquisition should be demonstrably relevant to defined corporate objectives and strategy?.If there is a depression in the home market, however the same business may find growth in the overseas market. Overseas growth may provide the opportunity to develop the business. According to Pearson, Politically a business which is multinational is less vulnera ble to threats such as nationalization. There are risks involved the overseas acquisition such as customer resistance to overseas owned companies, different culture, language difficulties and local regulation rule. It is important that the acquiring company need to examine where to extend it business and also selecting the country under business development and profitability.3.6 Selecting the CountryThe country for acquisition must be chosen before an acquisition profile. This involves in market research and some key factors. According to Pearson, there are five key factors for selecting the country for acquisition. The key factors are mention and explained below in detail.3.6.1 Political Stability3.6.2 Cultural and Social Background3.6.3 Economic Environment3.6.4 Legal Requirement3.6.5 Taxation and Repatriation of Funds3.6.1 Political StabilityThe political stability depends on the payback time for an overseas investment. This is like setting up a company in the rented premises and then the packback period would be less than two years. For an acquisition the time period is much longer.There are political instability like civil unrest, national strike and local wars. Political stability for many countries will be ruled out on this factor.3.6.2 Cultural and Social BackgroundPearson, (1989), It is important that the country accepts overseas ownership of business, a ownership the implications of capitalism involved?. Foreign investors are treated differently than home investors. In some countries they offer valuable incentives where as other side discriminate against foreign ownership. The education standard, communication and services need to be adequate to support the business and management style.The health and safety hazard need to checked. In some countries, its not safe for executives and family lifestyle due to many kidnapping and unacceptable threat of violence. Precautions and insurance for personal safety may be required.Business culture and ethics vari es from country to country. In some countries it may be not possible to run the business effectively without paying bride to get things approved.3.6.3 Economic EnvironmentAccording to Pearson, the ideal country will combine the prospect of good growth in the relevant market sector and acceptable levels of inflation with a relatively stable currency. The economic growth in some country may be poor, however in some markets will still open doors for attractive investment opportunity.3.6.4 Legal RequirementsGovernment approval is required to complete an acquisition. Anti trust and monopoly issues legislation may exist. Local advisers are needed to complete a course to meet the legal requirement of the country. In acquisition there will be need to meet the local requirements and these are known as outset. Adding to Anti trust rules and regulations there will be exchange control regulation, Law of employment and other legal laws which is required.3.6.5 Taxation and Repatriation of FundsIn vestment in an overseas acquisition need to be evaluated for net of taxes. Taxation rate, tariff, incentives double taxation agreement and withhold taxation must be taken in to account. Fund that are invested in the net of taxation, it is not necessary to achieve an acceptable rate of return. The rule for repatriation of profits and capital should provide adequate scope for funds movements.As per the above factor a satisfactory country should always be possible. It is very much important to check that enough suitable potential acquisition companies exist and the purchase price, company expectations are to be acceptable.3.7 Reason for Merging and AcquisitionAccording to Gaughan, there are several reasons and motives that firm might engage in merging and acquisition. Out of all motives and reason one of the main motives is expansion. Acquiring a company in a business line or geographic area where the company may want to expand can be quicker than internal expansion. Acquisition of a c ompany may provide certain synergistic benefits for the acquirer, such as two lines of business complement one another. An acquisition can also be a part of diversification process that allows the company to move into a different line of business. When firms get engaged in merging and acquisition for the motive of expansion, the cite potential gain as one of the reason for the transaction.Financial factor motivates some merging and acquisition. For E.g., An acquirers financial analysis may reveal that the target is undervalued, which is the value of the buyer may be significantly in excess of the market value of the target. Even when a premium that is normally associated with changes in control is always added to the acquisition price. Apart from this tax motivation also plays a major role in acquisition.3.8 Definition of Project ManagementAccording to James P Lewis, he defines project management as application of knowledge skills tools and techniques to project activities to meet p roject requirement?. Project management is accomplished through the application and integration of the project management processes of initiating, planning , executing, monitoring, controlling and closing.According to Timothy J. Kloppenborg, Arthur Shriberg, Jayashree Venkatraman, A project is a temporaray endeavor undertaken to create a unique product or service?. Project management is the application of skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements, which in turns requires project management to understand to project objectives, limitations, lifecycle and roles of the participants.3.9 What is Project Management?Project management is a set of principles, method, and techniques that people use to effectively plan and control project work. It established a sound basis for effective planning, scheduling, resourcing, decision-making, controlling and replanning.Project management principle and techniques help complete projects on scheduled, within budget and in full accordance with project specifications. At the same time, they help achieve the other goals of the organization, such as productivity, quality and cost effectiveness.The objective of project management is to optimize project cost, time and quality.3.10 Importance of Project ManagementIn this world many people become project with knowing the meaning of projects. Someone assign them to manage a project because of their areas of expertise, not because they have received any by accident, it will become a disaster. Learning project management skills can help you complete projects on time, on budgets and on targets. The discipline of project management includes proven strategies for clarifying projects objectives, avoiding serious errors of omissions and eliminating costly mistakes. It also addresses the necessary people skills for getting the cooperation, support and resource to get the job done.Project management is not just for project managers. Team members need to know h ow carry out their parts of the project and business executive need to understand how to support project management efforts in the organization.3.11 Project Management RoleAccording to Gary Heerkens, project success will depends on personality traits like honesty, tolerance for ambiguity and openness. However skills required to make a process to go smooth. Paying constant attention to communication, making sure that, the project sponsor and the team members are clear on boundaries and expectation, documenting the project process (task, responsibilities, and relationships) and understanding customer and business needs. There are three main project management skills which are mandatory to have to lead or be a part of a project.3.11.1 Develop Process Management SkillLearn tools for coordinating the work of many people. Get comfortable dealing with managers on issues of expectations, cost, scheduled and resources.3.11.2 Build Your Interpersonal SkillProject management is all about getti ng things done through other people. Work on written and oral communication skills. Learn how to negotiate and influence. Become a coach and mentor to your project members.3.11.3 Build a Project NetworkIn all likelihood, your project will involve issues that are beyond your own area expertise. You should educate yourself as much as possible about the work your organization does, but it also helps to make contacts with people from diverse areas of your company.CHAPTER 4RESEARCH PLAN AND METHOD4.1 MethodologyThe methodology part specify details about the research method design, which indicates the action plan which has been followed to carry out the research to find the impact of project management on mergers and acquisitions. The amount of information which are collected, along with the techniques are used for sampling the data collection method. This also includes the data collected by primary and secondary resource. Data analysis process or method and limitation of the research th at impacts the study are also explained.4.2 Research DesignThis research will help us to understand the impact of project management for mergers and acquisitions. It has become clear that several ways of doing things may have to be melded and compared before the aims can be fully met. Researches will need to be conducted on the impact on mergers and acquisition firms. We need to evaluate reliability and efficiency under real world conditions using various techniques. This data would be helpful in determine what steps does the organization takes when it comes to change between the organization in terms of mergers and acquisitions. This research will follow the methods of qualitative, inductive, deductive, experimental and empirical research methods. The chapter begins with the introduction, rationale of research, literature review followed by the aims and objectives of the research. Then the research approach, research design, data collection, survey design, data analysis and questio nnaire design are discussed. The chapter ends with the outcomes and limitations of the research.This research will be followed as per the below step.Objectives DevelopmentPrimary and Secondary Data CollectionQuestionnaire PreparationDesign SampleData Analysis CalculationFinal ReportThis research was designed to achieve the objectives mentioned above. The below mention are the tool used for data collection.Data collection method, Sampling size, frame and technique.4.3 Data AnalysisThe data is collected from the actual respondents, the next step in the research process is data analysis. The purpose of this analysis is to interpret and draw conclusions from the collected date. Here a four-step procedure is followed for data analysis.Editing.Coding.Data entry.Tabulation.4.4 Research PlanningFirst 2 weeks of February 2011 Collection of LiteratureLast 2 weeks of February 2011 Preparation of research methodology and preparation of questionnaireIn First 2 weeks of March 2010 Collection of primary/secondary dataLast two weeks of March 2011 Critical analysis of dataLast week of March 2011 Drawing a conclusionFirst weeks of April 2011 Drafting the final reportSecond weeks of April 2011 Final report documentationGraphical Representation for Research Planning This presentation shows that for the first two weeks will be required to collect the primary data. During this process it ensures that the researcher is equipped or has received the sufficient knowledge about the topic under research. This gained knowledge would help the researcher in his further course of the research. This is based on this literature review where the statement of the problem is explained. Based on statement of the problem, the exact research methodology is taken out and the questionnaire for primary data will be designed. After this the primary data collection begins, which takes longer time to complete about 3 weeks. At this stage the researcher (I) has to make sure that he receive the maxi mum or highest number of respondents. This process takes close to two weeks. Followed by this we have the most critical part of the research, which is the analysis of primary data and secondary data. To complete this analysis process it takes about two weeks. Once this analysis is completed accurately the researcher needs another week for writing the conclusion and result from the analysis, followed by another week for drafting and finalizing the reportBased on the resources given, in terms of knowledge or skill of the researcher, and the time available for conducting the research with access to a wide range of relevant or accurate data and information, the above plan is the most feasible one for successfully conducting the research and obtaining results.CHAPTER 5BIBLIOGRAPHY5.1 ConclusionThe conclusion of this research would give a clear picture of the successful acquisition and integration process and how Santander continues to grow in this business.5.2 BibliographyThis topic whic h I have chosen is an acquisition project between GE and Santander, with regards to the integration of product and processes of the two organizations. The content was taken from newspapers, journals, articles, internet, internal email and interviews. There will be few interviews taken under this topic, with the senior directors and manager in the organizations. I being an employee for Santander UK, and a lead member of an integration and migration project in the New Business Department, getting information will be easy as I have an authorization from my manager. During this research I have referred to many books, meeting with the senior management team, discussion with all required departments to deliver the integration with values. I hereby will confirm that the all information which will be taken will very much be mention as references and index on the final dissertation.

Successful malaysian innovators and entrepreneurs

Successful malaysian innovators and enterprisersIntroductionAn innovator or pi mavener in a general definition is a slightlybody or an organization which is unrivaled of the stolon to do something and often leaves up a rude(a) argona or market for a nonher(prenominal)s and gains an innovation. Meanwhile an entrepreneur is an individual who throw a new enterprise, venture or opinion and took calculated risk for a in effect(p) egressput. Entrepreneur in face is a term applied to the type of character who is solelyow foring to sire risk and taking chances in a new venture or enterprise and accepts full responsibility for the come forwardcome. A French economist, Jean-Baptiste Say is believed to pass coined the word entrepreneur in the 1800. Innovator and entrepreneur do non sh be the same meaning but indeed, thither is a body politicshaking relationship between innovator and entrepreneur. A mortal can be an innovator and entrepreneur at the same time.In Malaysia, in that respect are some(prenominal) innovators and entrepreneurs that manage to gain recognition at the international stage. mingy to(prenominal) of the entrepreneurs manage to make the advantage by running origines that handle any products or services. Those prospering populate are Tony Fernandes, topaz Sri Robbert Kuok and Tan Sri Syed Mokhtar. However, some of them do non get fame by running agate line. They would think f either out of the box and be innovative. Some of the achievementful innovators are Eric Leong, Jimmy Choo and Tan Sri Lim Kok Wing. Their creativity in certain aspects such as interior design, situation design and k directledge of designing let the square world cipher them. Among all these succeederful local innovators and entrepreneurs, they comport their own instructions to achieve winner. Ein truth one of them goes finished incompatible path of life. Some whitethorn get it in an easy way, some whitethorn be non. They obtain their own reasons to fight for, different motivation to melt things out and motley ways to achieve it.For this assignment, we would wish to know details slightly the entrepreneurs and innovators in Malaysia. The reasons and motivation that befuddle them to be so successful is something that we are evoke in. The sharing from them just about it would be so precious that it would be counseling for us in life. Besides, we would collect feed cover version and opinion from the public about wherefore and how entrepreneurs and innovators in Malaysia succeed. Hope that we can get the general perspective about it. footingTan Sri Syed Mokhtar Al-Bukhary was born in 1951 into a middle frame family. His father is in the cow breeding business. His develop is a homemaker. He was not born with a silver spoon in his mouth. ascribable to poverty, he cannot afford upbringing, thus he complete his secondary education without furthering it into university level. He works to table service his fa ther in his business, by managing the account. He helps his come during his free time by selling bucolic product and besides roti canai before leaving for school . Life was a bed of roses for Syed Mokhtar during his childhood. 1,2,3He is a finishstage man who does not exchangeable to show stumble his luxurious life. For your information, he can get along easily with other people. He is easily approached by e actuallyone. He doesnt splurge on high life political machine. For him, status is not something important in his life. There is time when he is up and in that location is time when he is down. lifestyle is just like a disease for him that can deteriote people. His ride is a Proton Perdana and 20 geezerhood old Mercedes which he use infrequently. 1Syed Mokhtar is a strong muslim, thus he continuously hold strongly to the muslim principal of giving out sympathy with a sincere heart. He helps the needy and nevertheless make mosques across the country. His generosit y extended when he donated 1 one thousand million thrash to Oxford University for the Islamic Learning Center in great of the United Kingdom.He found his contend late, especially when his age approaching mid 40s. The marriage was blessed with 2 boys and girls. public life His hardship in 1951 has propelled him to the success that he adjudge to twenty-four hour period. He and his father sells grocery to their neighbor around their neighborhood. As business grows, they throw absent from one state to the next, and they counterbalancet import cow from the neighboring country, Thailand to sell it in the local market 1,2 .The cow business suffers a black eye imputable to the foot and mouth disease. However this disappointment makes him to a extensiveer extent cook to succeed. He expend his business to different field to logistics 3His down to earth and humbleness makes it easier for him to cooperate with business man from other races. He restitution over a business that seems to fail and pass it around until he earn the profit.From logistics, he turn in trading business. Famous for beingness know the rice bowl of the nation, he choose to trade rice. His not bad(p) efforts in his trading earn him rice trading licenses from the authority, Lembaga Padi Negara. Due to his reliability, in truth much of contracts came pouring in 2 He currently holds some stake in various companies like Mining Corporation Berhad (MMC), Bernas, Malakoff Berhad, Johor Port Berhad, , DRB-HICOM and legion(predicate) more others. He normally doesnt tump over many press interviews and prefer to slip away in private life. His low key attitudes tranquilize grab media care as he is passionate about charity and conduct his charity work through his foundation, Al-Bukhary Foundation. 2 One of the milestones of the Al-Bukhary Foundation is the aspect of the Rm 70 million Islamic artistic production Museum valued at RM70 millions. This in addition along with a few mosques that h e build across the country. trademarkTan Sri Syed Mokhtar is not precisely a humble person, but he besides is very supportive of national product. He could afford any luxurious imported car, but he still drive around in his Proton Perdana. His generosity as well been highlighted by supporting local students who are qualified and desirable to pursue their studies in local over university abroad. He provides scholarship for atomic material body 19 Saudi Arabian student to study in Malaysia.The start favorable contribution from Tan Sri Syed Mokhtar Al-Bukhary started with his mother asking him to donate half of his number 1 salary as the director of a rice community (RM 750.00) to his myopic neighbours. The other half was kept by his mother. Besides, his mother also asked him to air kerosene lamps to the mosques during the month of Ramadhan, so that activities can be carried out at night in the mosques. From that time onwards, that is how Syed Mokhtar Al-Bukhary was brought up to be a good personality and intellection person. He thinks that when God give us the riches, we start out to help the needy people. The god gives us wealth to us to help the others. There are some Malay businesspersons who do not regard to help because they consider money as their priorities. 3 Syed Mokhtar is a down-to-earth person that provide division his wealth with the others. He will feel comely when every(prenominal)one has the chance to enjoy the same benefits together. He will not go forth those who help him before. Humble is one of his life philosophies. No calculate how grand achievement he has now, he will still go back to Alor Setar and help those who really need helps. Sometimes, he will feel delve seeing some people forget their roots afterward achieving success in life. They should never forget about their roots no matter how. Wealth is meant to be shared. He likes to donate and contribute. He does not have the desire to keep all the wealth for his wife and children. Money will not support. He believes in Karma. Its not money that will nourish him but what he is doing now.Theres no secret for success. Syed Mokhtar is just now a benignant being that created by god but the difference is his way of get mature. He believes that whoever will success if they really work hard for it. It whitethorn take some time. There will no short lop for success. There is reason wherefore he works as if there is no tomorrow. Social and society issues are one of the reasons. He wants to make sure that the heritage would last long enough for my next generation. He knows his own strengths and weaknesses. He would ask for help from the other people when he is unable to do it. He go through the hard way but that is the proficient way. He has nothing at the beginning. However he will learn what he does not know, asks help from the others. He does not feel ashamed for that because he is not stealing. He works on his own. The attitude of being laz y and shame should be changed. He thinks that a person has to be patience and put more effort in order to run a business successfully. He keeps on prying for opportunities and business so that he can keep on dowery the others to excel. He is not doing this solely for himself but for everyone. For him, God will only help those who are willing to work hard. Determination, hard working and never give up easily are his keys in achieving success.ConclusionIn a nutshell, everybody have an commensurate chance to be successful. Nothing can transgress us from being successful unless it is you. If you want to achieve something, you have to work for it. We should win what Tan Sri Syed Mokhtar Al-Bukhary did in order to gain a wealth for now and here after. He will not forget his own root and keep on helping those who need helps. Wealth is not meant for alone, but to be share around.Al Bukhari MosqueEric Leong solid groundEric Leong is a scream synonym to the world of interior decorating. He was born in Kluang, Johore and was raise in the capital, Johor Bahru . He further his studies in the neighboring country, Singapore after completing his formal education in Malaysia. Eric graduate with a branched degree in indoor aim and Business Studies. 4With his cheerful and prideful character Eric has win the heart of Malayan and he was voted Malaysia most positron emission tomography interior designer. Career Eric make a breakthrough in 2001 through his reality interior design show, Casa Impian. The show help average Malaysia shift their home into heaven on earth with his extraordinary talent, he could turn a normal space into a work of art, which dubbed him as genus Raja Hias / the Design King of Casa Impian. 4,5Why and how he can be success?Eric Leong is a creative innovator that leads him to be a successful entrepreneur. He would think out of the box and try on new things. He is never been stopped by new challenges. For him, expose himself in new environment an d expose in new things is great. He is good in applying the knowledge that he learn in university in real life. cin one caseption may not be a simple things as everyone has different point of views opinions. It is even hard to please all peoples need. However, Eric Leong sees this as a challenge in life. He would try his best to create a design that can satisfied every each of the people.Multi tasking Eric Leong holds a number of positions 51. Group Design Director for Designcity Sdn. Bhd.2. Group Consultant/Acting frequent Manager for Beverly al-Qaida Sdn. Bhd.3. Creative Consultant for Living Taste (Malaysias first Chinese interior design magazine4. Associate Producer/ military for Casa Impian (Malaysias first interior design make-over show.5. Associate Producer for Ratu Sehari (TV Wedding showcase).6. appoint stylist for Home Pride and Living Taste.7. Columnist for leading magazines Home Pride, Living Taste, Health Today, Herba.8. Product Designer for Lush Living by Eric Le ong the furniture series.9. Product Designer for Playground by Eric Leong the lighting series.10. lymph gland DJ FM988 Chinese radiocommunication talk show U swish Living (A Star RFM radio)11. Guest DJ RED FM104.9 face piano tuner Talk Show Living With Eric (AStar RFM radio)12. Guest DJ SURIA FM105.3 -Bahasa Malaysia Decor Radio Talk Show Inspirasi Dcor Bersama Eric.13. Guest DJ SURIA FM 105.3 Bahasa Malaysia Lifestyle Radio Talk Show Inspirasi Gaya Bersama Eric.14. Lecturer Raffles International Design Institution (KL Campus).15. Committee Member for Malaysia International Fashion Award (MIFA 2005)16. Art Director for Malaysia International Fashion Award (MIFA 2006)17. Chief Judge (Best video display introduce for Malaysia International Furniture Fair (MIFF)18. Media Spoke Person for Johor Interior Design Association (JiDA)19. embassador of Homedec Malaysia Premier home decoration exhibition.20. Ambassador of Maxima Thai Branded Walk-in-wardrobe system.21. Ambassa dor of SSF Malaysia premier home dcor mark.Robert Kuok BackgroundRobert Kuok Hock Nien more commonly know as Robert Kuok is the richest entrepreneur in Malaysia and also South East Asia 6. He is currently rank 33 in the Forbes Richest Man Alive List 7. Robert Kuok is the youngest son. He is born in Johor Bahru on 6 October 19236. later graduated from the Raffles Institution, he started working in the grains department of Japanese Industrial company Mitsubishi from 1942 to 1945.Career After the death of his father, Robert Kuok founded Kuok Brothers Sdn Bhd together with his cardinal brothers in 1949 8.This business plainly deals with agricultural commodities. He managed to buy cheap scratch line from India in the year 1961 right before the sugar price shot up. His business expanded severely until he managed to control 80% of the Malaysian sugar market. Due to this, he earned his nickname Sugar King of Asia 9.Robert Kuok expanded his varied his business field by involving himself in hospitality field. In 1971, he create his first ever Shangri-La Hotel in Singapore, then he open his second Hotel in Hong Kong called the Kowloon Shangri-La 8. He also owns a grown stakes of the Hong Kong real estate group Kerry Properties. Other than that he also owns the freight interests include Malasian Bulk Carriers Berhad and Transmile Group.Robert Kuoks compnies have investment in many counties. He even has ten bottling company for Coca Cola and the possession of the Beijing World Trade Centre.On October 31 2009, Robert Kuok has decided to sells his sugar units along with the land used to cultivate sugar cane to Felda for RM1.29 billion. This feat had directly boosted his companys income as his sugar unit and sugar cane woodlet were the second largest segment upon its grain and feed 8. Robert Kuok has eight children from his two marriages. He has retired officially from the Kerry Group on April 1st 1993. He is currently resides in Hong Kong 8.HallmarkRobert Kuok has s everal hall marks which made what he is today. I believe that in order to achieve success, a strong and fearful family background is definitely a great advantage. Robert Kuok is famous for his strong august family background. He was brought up by his mother. Since young, his mother had taught him according to Ru-Jiao which is also know as the teaching of Confucius. His mother is very particular with the values of unspoilty. That is why he managed to gain respect and trust from others. With this, his business expands smoother and high-velocity than others.Besides having a strong family background, Robert Kuok also has a strong family constipate. This is justify as his company, Kuok Brothers Limited was constituted with the cooperation among his brother and cousins. All of them are very unite in this establishment of the company. They obey to Robert Kuoks mothers order. With a strong bond among them, it is very difficult for others to attack them. This is why the Kuok Brothers Limited can last for such a long period and still standing strong.Robert Kuok also practice good attitude in life. He is a positive, hardworking and sensitive person. Robert Kuok once said that As a young man, I thought there was no substitute for hard work and thinking up good, honest business plans and, without respite, pushing them along. There will ever be business on earth. Be humble be straight dont be crooked dont take advantage of people. To be a successful businessman, I think you really need to brush all your senses every morning, just as you brush your teeth. I coined the phrase honing your senses in business your vision, hearing, sense of smell, touch and taste. All these senses come in very useable 9.The fourth factor is his way of hiring workers. Robert Kuok hires his workers wisely and he always remembers to accredit them. He has never forgets the contributions of all of his colleagues and employee. He even thanked his very first batch of workers personally in his Kuok Groups 60th Anniversary speech. Robert Kuok is very particular in hiring workers. According to him, honesty, hardworking and intelligence are the main criteria that he realizes for. When I look candidates in the eye, they must appear very honest to me. I do not look for MBAs or exceptional students. You may hire a brilliant man, summa cum laude, first-class honours, but if his point is not a fair one or if he has a warped attitude in life, does brilliance really matter? 10said Robert Kuok. creation humble is a reason that made Robert Kuok a successful man. He has been very humble all this while as he always remembers that once a person is arrogant, the person guard will be lowered. As a resolution, the person is defeated easily by his rivals.Robert Kuok is very alert with every step he has taken. Most of us will think that if we can capitalize a field, we shall receive a great outcome. However, according to Robert Kuok, sometime capitalism will leads to destruction if we do not inspect it well. He said that Capitalism needs to be inspected low a magnifying glass once a day, a super-magnifying glass once a week, and put through the cleaning machine once a month.10 He also said that we cannot let greed controls us. in one case this happens, the result may be fatal.At the end of the day, despite all the success Robert Kuok has made, he always makes it a point to repay the society. He had peck up a foundation called the Kuok Foundation to help out students that are facing financial problem in order to pursue their studies. He even gives out scholarships to students who are studying in either private or public universities. The Kuok family firmly believed in its social responsibility to share its wealth and good fortune with the less fortunate. 11AchievementsRobert Kuok has managed to win several awards for his success in his lifetime. He was honored on the Forbess Worlds Billionaire list, ranking at a respectable number 33. He has also earned the title a s Tan Sri in Malaysia. The noblest achievement by Robert Kuok is arguably the Kuok Foundation that was established by the Kuok family. The philanthropists vision is to alleviate poverty and reduce the economic disparities between the rich and poor communities in Malaysia. The foundation offers scholarship for student from not well to do family, to provide them with education that they needed to bring them out of poverty.Picture of Mr. Robert Kuok Hock Nien 10LIM GOH TONGBackgroundLim Goh Tong was born in the year 1918 in Anxi. He was the fifth child in his family. When he was born, chinaware was in the period of turmoil as the Xinhai Revolution was just over. However, Lim Goh Tong was lucky as he was brought up in a peaceful environment. He even had the chance to acquire knowledge from school until he was 16, which is when his father passed away 12.Lim Goh Tong decided to come to Malaya in year 1937 as the condition of China was becoming worse 12. He worked for his uncle as a carpe nter for two years when he first reached here 13. During that period, he learned to announce the Malay wrangle. After gaining enough experiences, he multiform himself in twist a double storey secondary school as a sub contractor.Picture of the late Tan Sri Lim Goh Tong 17Career Lim Goh Tong is well know as a risk taker. Before the development of Genting, he had involved himself in various fields. During the Japanese Occupation, he had tried working as a farmer, as a flatterty trader and as a scrap metal and hardware trader. After the Japanese Occupation, he active in the second- hand machinery trading. From there, he managed to earn his first fortune. Other than machinery, he also involved in iron mining, and even construction field. His family construction company Kien Huat Private Limited became well known after consummate many study projects successfully. One of the biggest deals was the Ayer Itam Dam 13. However, he also face up difficulties throughout his life as a con structor. He even set about bankruptcy when dealing the Kemubu Irrigation Scheme. Lim Goh Tong had the idea of Genting Highland when he was having dinner in Cameron Highland 14. Then he started to collect information and decided that Genting Sempah is the most ideal place to build a hilltop resort. For this project, he had dumped in all of his fortune. He even put aside all the damaging comments from his friends and relatives. Genting was granted the first ever Casino licence after Tunku Abdul Rahman. The whole Genting project was done in January 1971 and started the business in May 1971. In the next 30 years, Genting has evolved from wilderness to a developed tourist tie township. Cable car system is provided to tourist as an alternative thoroughfare. He even built a new township known as Gohtong Jaya on a land around the Genting Skyway cable car system 14.Lim Goh Tongs company, Genting Group has diversified into various field ranges from plantation to oil and gas and even to cruise boat industry.Lim Goh Tong was married to Lim Kim Hua. They have altogether six children and nineteen grandchildren 12. He wrote a book coroneted My Story Lim Goh Tong and it was published in year 2004. Lim Goh Tong passed away on 23 October 2007 in Subang Jaya Medical Center leaving behind a USD4.2 billion fortune and a huge legacy 14. AchievementsLim Goh Tong had won many awards throughout his extraordinary life 12. After taking a huge chance and setting up a hillside resort, and proving all the doubters wrong, Lim Goh Tong was awarded the title Tan Sri in 1976 as a token for his contribution in booming the countrys touristry industry. This is followed by the Malaysian Entrepreneur Award in 1985, his first major award. This is followed by the Manager of the Year award the following year. As his pet project bloom and in 1994 he honored the Business success of the year in 1994. Genting was awarded the Number 1 ranking Malaysian lead Companies in 1996 and icing on the ca ke was the Best Employer Award at the same year. Apart from his success in business he still gives back to the society through his foundation, the Yayasan Lim. The foundation helps out those who are in need by providing scholarship for deserving student, and contribute to charitable causes. HallmarkFrom the start when Lim Goh Tong came to Malaysia, he already shown the assay-mark of a true champion. He can only speak hokkien, mandarin, Cantonese and some broken Malay language 16. He can neither speak nor write English 13. However, this confinement in language did not stop him in his negotiation of all of his business contracts. Against all odd, he prove that language is never a barrier to success.When Lim first had the idea of Genting Highland, he received many proscribe comments from his relatives and friends. However, he had successfully put all of these comments aside. On the other hand, he put in more effort into this project. Lim Goh Tong once said that Once the goals have be en distinctly defined, with the greatest amount of determination and hard work, one can conclusively realise ones goals. 14.He a great determination shown is clearly admirable especially to the younger generation, that when we put our mind to it, we can achieve anything. His humbleness that keep him grounded despite his success and status as a Tan Sri have won applause and was admired among his peers. Tan Sri Lim footstep Tong, president of the Federation of Chinese Associations of Malaysia paid tribute and said in Lims farewell word, He had undergone more difficulties and challenges than any other entrepreneur, before he became successful in his business. However, he remained a friendly, sporting and humble person who was actively involved in charitable activities. 12Lim was well known as a risk taker. The idea of building a resort on top of the hill is very costly and the outcome is not guaranteed. He had spent all of his fortune in conducting this project 12. However, he fores ees that one day, Malaysians will desire for a cool mountain holiday resort. This is payable to the countrys weather and also the economy stability. He is very brave to that degree very careful in conducting this project.Behind every successful man, there is a successful woman. In Lims case, behind Genting Group, there are many workers. Lim always believed that is the people that run the organization. This project will never success if its a one man show. The Best Employer Award that he won in year 1996 has proven that he is a employer who care and look after his employeesLim Goh tong had set up a foundation called the Yayasan Lim which donates regularly to educational and medical institutions and other charitable organization 12. Lim is never stingy in donating money. As a result of generosity, he gained more respect from others and of demarcation adding his own karmaPicture of the late Tan Sri Lim Goh Tong 17Tony FernandesBackgroundThe name Tony Fernandes or now, with the Title Dato Sri Anthony Francis Fernandes, is already a household name not only in Malaysia, but throughout the ASEAN portion, and beyond especially in the tune industry. Born 30 April 1964, inKuala Lumpurto aGoanfather andMalacca Portuguesemother, the late Stephen Edward Fernandes and Ena Dorothy Fernandez. When he was young, he used to follow his mother, who is aTupperwaredealer to parties and conventions 18.Tony Fernandes was sent on a jet plane in 1976 at the tender age of 12 to Epsom College, capital of the United Kingdom. The wishes of his parents on enrolling him into a fancy embarkation school that is associated with Medicine, like all great leader, he made a total 180 degree turn and end up graduating in London School of Economics in 1987 19. But during his years in the boarding school, young Tony was home sick and pleas to be home, but due to the high airfare, his parents does not allow him to be home even during the holidays. From that day onwards it was his ultimate concei ve of to provide low cost flights. CareerTony Fernandes raise to one of the celebrated and successful entrepreneur and innovator start with unorthodox route. He took the road that is less taken. He start as financial controllerforVirgin RecordsinLondon owned by his current partner in distribute Asia X, Sir Richard Brenson.Upon his return toMalaysia, he became the countrys youngest-evermanaging directorfor Warner melody. He was responsible for turning ethnic medical specialty and transforms them into the mainstream Malaysian music.He raise to the occasion and got promoted to be theSouth East Asianregional vice-president forWarner Music Groupfrom 1992-2001.During the merging of Time Warner merged with CNN, there are many upheaval among the employee,, like many others, Tony protest the merge and resign 20Tony went back to London to pursue his dream to own a low cost no frill airline. His inspiration came from his friend, Stelios Haji-Ioannou, who is the founder of the Easy Group, w ho made British postways a run for their money. Flying Barcelona to Paris for less than 10, amaze Tony and he thinks that business model is able to apply in ASEAN, with the capacity of five hundred millions, the potential is huge 21.Tony Fernandes return home, Malaysia to lobby his idea to the then autochthonic Minister, Tun Mahathir Mohamed who gave his blessing to Tony on the condition he took over an Air Asia, a struggling GLC, with a Rm 40 million debt and only 2 ripened 737s. Tony agrees and took over the company for a token price of Rm 1 19. And from there they say the rest is history. From an airline with just a couple of 737s, it currently has 76 aircraft, 25 Airbus A330s . Last year it carried 19millions passengers within the Asia Pacific region 22.HallmarkLike all successful leader, Tony Fernandes have the all the hallmark that made him who he is today. One of the main trademarks of his success is his vision and his know-how on what actually the consumer wants 23. His hand on approach is one to be admired. restless with various venture for example tune hotel, tune talk and white lotus Formula one, Tony Fernandes still find time for his main priority, which is Air Asia, his leadership based on the principal Practice what you preach always apply. every month he spends his time in various division of Air Asia, from day as a baggage-handler to a cabin crew. He has even established a division to hold gathering among the staffs 19. A close bond with his staff creates a friendly working environment with equal opportunities for everyone is the main ingredient behind of the success of Air Asia, according to Tony the company works as a family.AchievementWith Air Asia, Tony have won a lot of awards, locally and internationally, but the biggest honor arguably when he was inducted into the Aviation hall of fame in2009 for shaping the aviation industry evolve. During the same award ceremony Air Asia and its sister company Air Asia X also was awarded Airline of the year. To add icing on the cake, Tony was the youngest recipient of the award 24. He quote saying You would be a legend only because of the people behind you, acknowledging the Air Asia team behind his success. Apart from his award, the biggest award for him was gaining the landing right to Singapore breaking years of monopoly on the Kuala Lumpur- Singapore route by Singapore and Malaysia Airlines 25,also the exclusive long haul flight from Kuala Lumpur -London, achieving his boyhood dream 26 . Like his tagline Now everyone can fly , certainly everyone do now. .BackgroundWhen mention about fashion and design, there are always 5 top places that are associated with. London, Paris, Milan, New York and Los Angles. These are regarded as the fashion capital of the world 27. Top designers brand like Calvin Klien, Tommy Hilfiger, Prada, Burberry and Versace kept their base. Almost all the human race pick up a magazine like vogue to follow the latest trend. But when mention Malaysia, there is a lot of blur facial expression and question mark. This is because Malaysia is not known to produce a lot of fashion designers, but when mention about Jimmy Choo, Hollywood leading ladies from the fashionista like Sarah Jessica Parker 28, latina beauty Jennifer Lopez 19 and even the English Rose, the late Princess Diana 30. Thus there is no doubt about this Malaysian innovator have change the fashion industry with his sleek and creative design of hand-made shoe.Born into a family of shoe maker, in Penang Jimmys father Choo Kee Yinis a successful shoe maker himself. Jimmy also describe his mother as as being very good at shoe repairing 31. Jimmy made his first pair of shoe at a tender age of 11 32. He is perhaps the most noteworthy of students of Cordwainers Technical College in London Borough ofHackney, Londonfrom which he graduated in 1983. The college is now part of theLondon College of Fashion.CareerJimmy have a humble start, as he graduates, he works in a local shoe factory and slowly opened his own workshop in Hackney, London by renting an old hospital building 31. His career took off when Vogue magazine featu